Garuda Purana

गोभूमिपिण्डदानाद्यैः शक्त्या प्रेतं स्मरंश्च तम् । तिलैस्तिलांस्तु विप्राणां दर्भयुक्तेषु पाणिषु ॥ २,४४.

Remembering the departed, and according to one's ability, one should give cows, land, rice balls, and the like; and offer sesame seeds to the brāhmaṇas, placing them in their hands along with darbha grass.

दद्यादन्नं द्विजानां च ताम्बूलं दक्षिणां तथा । एवं शिष्टतमं विप्रं हरिण्येन प्रपूजयेत् ॥ २,४४.

One should give food to the twice-born, as well as betel leaves and gifts; and thus honor the most distinguished brāhmaṇa with a deer skin.

नाम गोत्रं स्मरन् दद्याद्विष्णुप्रीतोस्त्विति ब्रुवन् । अनुव्रज्य द्विजान् पश्चात्त्यक्ताम्भो दक्षिणामुखः ॥ २,४४.

Recalling the name and lineage, one should give, saying, 'For the satisfaction of Viṣṇu'; then, after accompanying the brāhmaṇas, facing south, one should discard the water.

कीर्तयन्नामगोत्रे तु भुवि प्रीतोस्त्विति क्षिपेत् । मित्रबन्धुजनैः सार्धं शेषं भुञ्जीत वाग्यतः । प्रतिसंवत्सरादि स्यादेकोद्दिष्टविधानतः ॥ २,४४.

Reciting the name and lineage on the ground, saying, 'For satisfaction,' one should cast it; together with friends and relatives, one should eat the remainder in silence; this should be done every year according to the prescribed rite.

एवं कृते गमिष्यन्ति स्वर्लोकं पापकर्मिणः । सपिण्डीकरणादौ तु कृते चैवाप्नुवन्तिते ॥ २,४४.

When this is done, even those who have committed sinful acts will go to the heavenly world; and by performing the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa and related rites, they will attain it as well.

अथ कश्चित्प्रमादेन म्रियते ह्युदकादिभिः । संसारप्रमुखस्तस्य सर्वं कुर्याद्यथाविधि ॥ २,४४.

If someone dies accidentally by water or similar causes, the head of the family should perform all the prescribed rites for him according to proper procedure.

प्रमादादिच्छया मर्त्यो न गच्छेत्सर्पसंमुखः । पक्षयोरुभयोर्नागं पञ्चमीषु प्रपूजयेत् ॥ २,४४.

A mortal should not, out of carelessness or desire, approach a serpent directly; on the fifth lunar day, he should worship the serpent on both sides.

कुर्यात्पिष्टमयीं लेखां नागानामाकृतिं भुवि । अर्चयेत्तां सितैः पुष्पैः सुगन्धैश्चन्दनेनच ॥ २,४४.

He should make a figure of a serpent on the ground out of flour, and worship it with white flowers, fragrant substances, and sandalwood.

प्रदद्याद्धूपदीपन्तु तण्डुलांश्च सितान् क्षिपेत् । आमपिष्टं तथैवान्नं क्षीरञ्च विनिवेदयेत् ॥ २,४४.

He should offer incense and a lamp, scatter white rice grains, and present cooked flour, food, and milk as offerings.

उपस्थाय वदेदेवं मुञ्चन्मुद्रांशुकानि च । मधुरं तद्दिनेऽश्रीयाद्देवश्राद्धं समापयेत् ॥ २,४४.

Having approached, he should recite the appropriate words, offer symbolic gestures and cloths, eat something sweet on that day, and complete the ancestral rite for the deity.

सौवर्णं शक्तितो नागं ततो दद्याद्द्विजोत्तमे । धेनुं दत्त्वा ततो ब्रूयात्प्रीयतां नागराडिति ॥ २,४४.

He should then, according to his ability, give a golden serpent to a distinguished Brahmin; after giving a cow, he should say, 'May the lord of serpents be pleased.'

यथाविभव्यं कुर्वीत कर्माण्यन्यानि पूर्ववत् । स्वशाखोक्तविधानेन इत्थं कुर्याद्यथातथम् । प्रेतत्वान्मोचयेत्तांस्तु स्वर्गमार्गं नयेत्च ॥ २,४४.

Other rites should be performed as appropriate, just as before, following the procedure prescribed in his own branch; by doing so properly, he frees them from the state of a ghost and leads them to the path of heaven.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् ४५ श्रीविष्णुरुवाच । प्रत्यब्दं श्राद्धमेवं ते कथयामि खगेश्वर । प्रत्यब्दं पार्वणेनैव कुर्यातां क्षेत्रजोरसौ ॥ २,४५.

The blessed Vishnu said: O lord of birds, I will tell you about the annual śrāddha; every year, the son born of the kṣetra should perform the parvaṇa śrāddha.

विधिनाचेतरैरेवमेकोद्दिष्टं न पार्वणम् ॥ २,४५.

The ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha should be performed in this way, not the parvaṇa, by others according to the proper method.

अनग्नेश्च सुतौ स्यातामनग्नी क्षेत्रजोरसौ । एकोद्दिष्टं न कुर्यातां प्रत्यब्दं तौ तु पार्वणम् ॥ २,४५.

If both the son and the father are without the sacred fire, the son born of the kṣetra should not perform the ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha annually, but should perform the parvaṇa śrāddha.

यदा त्वन्यतरः साग्निः पुत्रो वाप्यथवा पिता । प्रत्यब्दं पार्वणं तत्र कुर्यातां क्षेत्रजौरसौ ॥ २,४५.

But if either the son or the father possesses the sacred fire, then the son born of the kṣetra should perform the parvaṇa śrāddha annually.

अनग्नयः साग्नयो वा पुत्रा वा पितरोऽपि वा । एकोद्दिष्टं सुतैः कार्यं क्षयाह इति केचन ॥ २,४५.

Some say that whether they are without or with the sacred fire, sons or fathers, the ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha should be performed by the sons at the time of the lunar decrease.

दर्शकाले क्षयो यस्य प्रेतपक्षेऽथ वा पुनः । प्रत्यब्दं पार्वणं कार्यं तस्य सर्वैः सुतैरपि ॥ २,४५.

If the period of decrease falls at the time of the new moon or during the fortnight of the ancestors, then the parvaṇa śrāddha should be performed annually by all the sons.

एकोद्दिष्टमपुत्राणां पुंसां स्याद्योपितामपि । एकोद्दिष्टे कुशा ग्राह्याः समूला यज्ञकर्मणि । बहिर्लूनाः सकृल्लनाः श्राद्धं वृद्धिमृते सदा ॥ २,४५.

The ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha is prescribed for men without sons, even if their wives are alive; for the ekoddiṣṭa, darbha grass with roots should be used in the sacrifice, but for the regular śrāddha, it should always be cut outside and used only once, except in the case of increase.

कर्तव्ये पार्वणे श्राद्धे आशौचं यदि जायते । आशौचावगमे कुर्याच्छ्राद्धं हि तदनन्तरम् ॥ २,४५.

If impurity arises at the time when the parvaṇa śrāddha is to be performed, then after the impurity is over, the śrāddha should be performed immediately.

एकोद्दिष्टे तु सम्प्राप्ते यदि विघ्नः प्रजायते । मासेन्यस्मिन् तिथौ तस्यां कुर्याच्छ्राद्धं तदैव हि ॥ २,४५.

If, when the ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha is due, an obstacle arises, then it should be performed on the same lunar day in the following month.

तूष्णीं श्राद्धान्तु शूद्रस्य भार्यायास्तत्सुतस्य च । कन्यायाश्च द्विजातीनामनुपेतद्विजस्य च ॥ २,४५.

The silent śrāddha is for a Śūdra, his wife, his son, a maiden, and for twice-born men who have not undergone initiation.

एककाले गता सूनां बहूनामथ वा द्वयोः । तन्त्रेण श्रपणं कुर्याच्छ्राद्धं कुर्यात्पृथक्पृथक् ॥ २,४५.

If many or two women have died at the same time, the offering should be made according to the ritual, but the śrāddha should be performed separately for each.

दद्यात्पूर्वं मृतस्यादौ द्वितीयस्य ततः पुनः । तृतीयस्य ततः कुर्यात्संनिपाते त्वयं विधिः (क्रमः) ॥ २,४५.

One should first offer to the one who died first, then to the second, and then to the third; this is the order to be followed when there are several together.

प्रत्यब्दमेवं यः कुर्याद्यथातथमतन्द्रितः । तारयित्वा पितॄन् सर्वान् प्राप्नोति परमां गतिम् ॥ २,४५.

Whoever performs thus every year, diligently and in whatever way possible, delivers all his ancestors and attains the highest state.

न ज्ञायते मृताहश्चेत्प्रस्थानदिनमेव च । मासश्चेत्स्यात्परिज्ञातस्तद्दर्शे स्यान्मृताहिकम् ॥ २,४५.

If the date of death or the day of departure is not known, but the month is known, then the śrāddha for the deceased should be performed when that month is seen.

यदा मासो न विज्ञातो विज्ञातं दिनमेव च । तदा मार्गशिरे मासि माघे वा तद्दिनं भवेत् ॥ २,४५.

If the month is not known but only the day is known, then that day in the month of Mārgaśīrṣa or Māgha should be observed.

दिनमासावविज्ञातौ मरणस्य यदा पुनः । प्रस्थानदिनमासौ तु ग्राह्यौ श्राद्धे मयोदितौ ॥ २,४५.

If neither the day nor the month of death is known, then the day and month of departure, as taught by me, should be taken for the śrāddha.

प्रस्थानस्यापि न ज्ञातौ दिनमासौ यदा पुनः । मृतवार्ताश्रुतौ ग्राह्यौ पूर्वप्रोक्तक्रमेण तु ॥ २,४५.

If neither the day nor the month of departure is known, and only news of the death is heard, then the śrāddha should be performed according to the previously stated order.