Garuda Purana

पिता ददाति पुत्त्रान् वै विच्छिन्नसन्ततिः खग । होमदाता भवेत्सोपि यस्तस्य प्रपितामहः ॥ २,३५.

The father gives sons, O bird, even when the lineage is broken; the giver of the oblation is also he whose great-grandfather is involved.

कृते श्राद्धे गुणा ह्येते पितॄणां तपेणे स्मृताः । दद्याद्विपुलमन्नाद्यं वृद्धस्तु प्रपितामहः ॥ २,३५.

When the śrāddha is performed, these virtues of the ancestors are remembered through austerity; the aged great-grandfather should be given abundant food and drink.

यस्य पुंसश्च मर्त्ये वै विच्छिन्ना सन्ततिः खग । स वसेन्नरके घोरे पङ्के मग्नः करी यथा ॥ २,३५.

For the man whose lineage is broken on earth, O bird, he dwells in a terrible hell, sunk in mire like an elephant.

योन्यन्तरेषु जायते यत्र वृक्षसरीसृपाः । न सन्ततिं विना सोऽत्र मुच्यते नरकाद्ध्रुवम् ॥ २,३५.

He is born among other species, where trees and reptiles exist; without a lineage, he is certainly not freed from hell.

आचार्यस्तस्य शिष्यो वा यो दूरेऽपि हि गात्रेजः । नारायणबलिं कुर्यात्तस्याद्देशेन भक्तितः ॥ २,३५.

The teacher or his disciple, even if distant, born of the same body, should perform the offering to Nārāyaṇa for him, with devotion, in that place.

विशुद्धः सर्वपापेभ्यो मुक्तः स नरकाद्ध्रुवम् । निवसेन्नाकलोके च नात्र कार्या विचारणा ॥ २,३५.

Freed from all sins, he is certainly released from hell and dwells in the world of the gods; there is no need for further deliberation about this.

आदौ कृत्वा धनिष्ठाञ्च एतन्नक्षत्रपञ्चकम् । रेवत्यन्तं सदा दूष्यमशुभं सर्वदा भवेत् ॥ २,३५.

If, at the outset, the Dhanishtha and this group of five stars ending with Revati are present, it is always inauspicious and brings defilement.

दाह (बलि) स्तत्र न कर्तव्यो विप्रदिसर्वजातिषु । दीयते न जलं तत्र अशुभं जायते ध्रुवम् । लोकयात्रा न कर्तव्या दुः खार्तः स्वजनो यदि ॥ २,३५.

In that period, cremation should not be performed for Brahmins or people of any caste; water should not be offered there, for it certainly produces misfortune; and the funeral procession should not be held, even if the family is afflicted with grief.

पञ्चकानन्तरं तस्य कर्तव्यं सर्वमन्यथा । पुत्राणां गोत्रिणां तस्य सन्तापोऽप्युपजायते ॥ २,३५.

After the passing of the five (stars), all rites should be performed; otherwise, distress arises even for the sons and kinsmen of the deceased.

गृहे हानिर्भवेत्तस्य ऋक्षेष्वेषु मृतश्च यः । अथवा ऋक्षमध्येऽपि दाहस्तस्य विधीयते ॥ २,३५.

Loss occurs in the house of one who dies during these constellations; however, cremation may be performed even in the midst of these stars.

क्रियते मानुषाणान्तु सद्य आहुतिकारणात् । सद्याहुतिकरं पुण्यं तीर्थे तद्दाह उत्तमः ॥ २,३५.

For humans, immediate oblations are performed as a matter of ritual; performing cremation with such immediate oblation at a sacred place is considered excellent.

विप्रैर्नियमतः कार्यः समन्त्रो विधिपूर्वकः । शवस्य च समीपे तु क्षिप्यन्ते पुत्तलास्ततः ॥ २,३५.

The rites must be performed by Brahmins, with proper recitation of mantras and according to prescribed rules; near the corpse, effigies are then placed.

दर्भमयाश्च चत्वारो विप्रा मन्त्राभिमन्त्रिताः । ततो दाहः प्रकर्तव्यः तैश्च पुत्तलकैः सह ॥ २,३५.

Four effigies made of darbha grass, consecrated by Brahmins with mantras, are to be used; then cremation is to be performed together with those effigies.

सूतकान्ते ततः पुत्रः कुर्याच्छान्तिकमुत्तमम् ॥ २,३५.

After the period of impurity ends, the son should perform the highest rite of pacification.

पञ्चकेषु मृतो योऽसौ न गतिं लभते नरः । तिलान् गाश्च सुवर्णं च तमुद्दिश्य घृतं ददेत् ॥ २,३५.

A man who dies during the five (constellations) does not attain the proper path; for him, one should offer sesame seeds, cows, gold, and ghee.

विप्राणां दीयते दानं सर्वोपद्रवनाशनम् । सूतकान्ते च सत्पुत्रैः स प्रेतो लभते गतिम् ॥ २,३५.

Gifts given to Brahmins remove all afflictions; at the end of the impurity period, the departed attains the proper path through worthy sons.

भाजनोपानहौ च्छत्रं हेममुद्राच वाससी । दक्षिणा दीयते विप्र सर्वपातकमोचनी ॥ २,३५.

A vessel, footwear, umbrella, gold coin, and garments—these gifts, when given as offerings to a Brahmin, free one from all sins.

बालवृद्धातुराणाञ्च मृतानां पञ्चकेषु हि । विधानं यो न कुर्वीत विघ्नस्तस्य प्रजायते ॥ २,३५.

If one does not perform the prescribed rites for children, the elderly, or the sick who die during the five (constellations), obstacles arise for him.

अष्टादशैव वस्तूनि प्रेतश्राद्धे विवर्जयेत् । आशिषो द्विगुणान् दर्भान् प्रणवान्नैकपिण्डताम् ॥ २,३५.

Eighteen items must be avoided in the funeral śrāddha: blessings, double darbha grass, the syllable 'praṇava,' and offering only a single rice-ball.

अग्नौकरणमुच्छिष्टं श्राद्धं वै वैश्वदैविकम् । विकिरं च स्वधाकारं पितृशब्दं न चोच्चरेत् ॥ २,३५.

One should not perform the offering into fire with impure hands, nor the universal śrāddha; scattering, the act of 'svadhā,' or uttering the word 'pitṛ' should not be done.

अनुशब्दं न कुर्वीत नावाहनमथोल्मुकम् । आसीमान्तं न कुर्वीत प्रदक्षिणविसर्जनम् ॥ २,३५.

One should not use the word 'anu,' nor perform the invocation or the 'holmuka'; nor should one make the boundary or perform circumambulation and dismissal.

न कुर्यात्तिलहोमञ्च द्विजः पूर्णाहुतिं तथा । न कुर्याद्वैश्वदेवं चेत्कर्ता गच्छत्यधोगतिम् ॥ २,३५.

A twice-born should not perform the sesame oblation or the full offering; if he performs the universal offering, the doer goes to a lower state.

मलिनश्राद्धसंज्ञानं पूर्वषोडशकं तथा । स्थाने द्वारे चार्धमार्गे चितायां शवहस्तके ॥ २,३५.

The so-called impure śrāddha, the first sixteen (rites), at the place, at the door, on the way, on the pyre, or in the hand of the corpse—

श्मशानवासिभूतेभ्यः पञ्चमं प्रतिवेश्यकम् । षष्ठं सञ्चयने प्रोक्तं दश पिण्डा दशाहिकाः । श्राद्धषोडषकञ्चैतत्प्रथमं परिकीर्तितम् ॥ २,३५.

Of the offerings, the fifth is for the neighboring souls after those who dwell in the cremation ground; the sixth is said to be for the collectors; ten rice-balls are for the ten-day rites; and this is called the first of the sixteen śrāddhas.

अन्यच्च षोडशं मध्ये द्वितीयं तार्क्ष्य मे शृणु । कर्तव्यानीह विधिना श्राद्धान्येकादशैव तु ॥ २,३५.

And, O Tārkṣya, hear further: among the sixteen, the second is in the middle; here, eleven śrāddhas must be performed according to the prescribed rule.

ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवाद्यञ्च तथान्यच्छ्राद्धपञ्चकम् । एवं षोडशकं प्राहुरेतत्तत्त्वविदो जनाः ॥ २,३५.

The offerings to Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, and others, as well as five additional śrāddhas—thus, those who know the truth declare these to be the sixteen.

द्वादश प्रतिमास्यानि श्राद्धमेकादशे तथा । त्रिपक्षसम्भवञ्चैव द्वे रिक्ते खग षोडश ॥ २,३५.

Twelve are to be performed monthly, and one on the eleventh day; two arise in the three fortnights, and two on the days of the moon’s waning, O bird—thus, there are sixteen.

आद्यं शवविशुद्ध्यर्थं कृत्वान्यच्च त्रिषोडशम् । पितृपाङ्क्तिविशुद्ध्यर्थं शताद्धैंन तु योजयेत् ॥ २,३५.

The first is performed for the purification of the corpse; and the remaining thirteen for the purification of the ancestral line; but one should not add more than a hundred and a half.

शतार्धेन विहीनो यो मिलितः पङ्क्तिभाङ्न हि । चत्वारिंशत्तथैवाष्टश्राद्धं प्रेतत्वनाशनम् ॥ २,३५.

He who is joined with less than a hundred and a half does not share in the ancestral line; forty-eight śrāddhas likewise destroy the state of being a departed spirit.