Garuda Purana

गृहद्वारे श्मशाने वा तीर्थे देवालयेऽपि वा । यत्राद्यो दीयते पिण्डस्तत्र सर्वान् समापयेत् ॥ २,३४.

At the doorway of the house, at the cremation ground, at a sacred ford, or even at a temple—wherever the first offering of the rice-ball is made, there all the rites should be completed.

एकादशाहे यच्छ्राद्धं तत्सामान्यमुदाहृतम् । चतुर्णामेकवर्णानां शुद्ध्यर्थं स्नानमुच्यते ॥ २,३४.

The śrāddha performed on the eleventh day is called the general rite; for the purification of all four classes, bathing is prescribed.

कृत्वा चैकादशाहञ्च पुनः स्नात्वा शुचिर्भवेत् । दद्याद्विप्राय यः शय्यां यथोक्तं प्रेतमोक्षदाम् ॥ २,३४.

Having completed the eleventh day, one should bathe again and become pure; then, as prescribed, one should give a bed to a brāhmaṇa, which grants release to the departed.

न भवेत्यदा स गोत्रो परोऽपि विधिमाचरेत् । भार्या वा पुरुषः कश्चित्तुष्टश्च कुरुते स्त्रियः ॥ २,३४.

If there is no one of the same lineage, then even an outsider should perform the rite; or a wife, or any man who is willing, or a satisfied woman may do it.

प्रथमेऽहनि यः पिण्डो दीयते विधिपूर्वकम् । अन्नाद्येन च तेनैव सर्वश्राद्धानि कारयेत् ॥ २,३४.

The rice-ball that is offered according to rule on the first day—using that same food, all the śrāddha rites should be performed.

अमन्त्रं कारयेच्छ्राद्धं दशाहं नामगोत्रतः । श्राद्धं कृतन्तु यैर्वस्त्रैस्तानि त्यक्त्वा गृहं विशेत् ॥ २,३४.

For ten days, the śrāddha should be performed without mantras, only with the name and lineage; after completing the śrāddha, one should leave behind the garments used and enter the house.

असगोत्रः सगोत्रो वा यदि स्त्री यदि वा पुमान् । प्रथमेऽहनि यः कुर्यात्स दशाहं समापयेत् ॥ २,३४.

Whether of the same lineage or not, whether woman or man, whoever performs the rite on the first day should complete the ten-day observance.

जीवस्य दशभिः पिण्डैर्देहो निष्पाद्यते ध्रुवम् । वृद्धिश्च दशभिर्मासैर्गर्भस्थस्य यथा भवेत् ॥ २,३४.

Certainly, with ten rice-balls, the body of the living is formed, just as the fetus grows in the womb over ten months.

आशौचं यावदेतस्य तावत्पिण्डोदकक्रिया । चतुर्णामपि वर्णानामेष एव विधिः स्मृतः ॥ २,३४.

As long as the period of impurity lasts, so long should the offering of rice-balls and water be performed; this is the rule remembered for all four classes.

यत्र त्रिरात्रमाशौचं तत्रादौ त्रीन् प्रदापयेत् । चतुरस्तु द्वितीयेऽह्नि तृतीये त्रींश्तथैव च ॥ २,३४.

Where the period of impurity is three nights, three rice-balls should be given at first; four on the second day, and three likewise on the third.

पृथक्शरावयोर्दद्यादेकाहं क्षीरमम्बु च । एकोद्दिष्टन्तु वै श्राद्धं चतुर्थेऽहनि कारयेत् ॥ २,३४.

For one day, milk and water should be given in separate vessels; and on the fourth day, the ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha should be performed.

प्रथमेऽहनि यः पिण्डस्तेन मूर्धा प्रजायते । चक्षुः श्रोत्रञ्च नासा च द्वितीयेऽह्नि प्रजायते ॥ २,३४.

By the rice-ball offered on the first day, the head is produced; on the second day, the eyes, ears, and nose are formed.

गण्डौ वक्त्रं तथा ग्रीवा तृतीयेऽहनि जायते । हृदयं कुक्षिरुदरं चतुर्थे तद्वदेव हि ॥ २,३४.

On the third day, the cheeks, mouth, and neck are formed; on the fourth, the heart, sides, and abdomen likewise.

कटिपृष्ठं गुदञ्चापि पञ्चमेऽहनि जायते । षष्ठे ऊरू च विज्ञेये सप्तमे गुल्फसम्भवः ॥ २,३४.

On the fifth day, the waist, back, and anus are formed; on the sixth, the thighs are to be understood, and on the seventh, the ankles arise.

अष्टमे दिवसे प्राप्ते जङ्घे च भवतोऽण्डज । पादौ च नवमे ज्ञेयौ दशमे बलवत्क्षुधा ॥ २,३४.

On the eighth day, the shanks are formed, O egg-born one; on the ninth, the feet are to be known, and on the tenth, there is strong hunger.

एकादशाहे यः पिण्डस्तं दद्यादामिषेण तु । सिद्धान्नं तस्य दातव्यं कृशराः पूपकाः पयः । प्रक्षाल्य विप्रचरणावर्घ्यं धूपञ्च दीपक्रम् ॥ २,३४.

The rice-ball on the eleventh day should be given with meat; cooked food, rice porridge, cakes, and milk should be offered; after washing, one should present water for the feet, arghya, incense, and a lamp in order.

द्वादश प्रतिमास्यानि श्राद्धान्यैकादशे तथा । त्रिपक्षञ्चापि षण्मासे द्वे श्राद्धानि च षोडश ॥ २,३४.

Twelve images (pratimās) of śrāddha are to be performed, as well as on the eleventh day; also, one every fortnight for six months, and sixteen śrāddhas in total.

प्रति मासं प्रदातव्यं मृताहे या तिथिर्भवेत् । स मासः प्रथमो ज्ञेय इति वेदविदो विदुः ॥ २,३४.

Each month, the offering should be made on the same lunar day as the day of death; this first month is to be understood as such, according to those learned in the Vedas.

शवहस्ते च यच्छ्राद्धं मृतिस्थाने द्विजासने । तदेव प्रथमं श्राद्धं तत्स्यादेकादशेऽहनि ॥ २,३४.

The śrāddha performed with the corpse in hand, at the place of death, with Brahmins seated, is the first śrāddha; it should be done on the eleventh day.

सा तिथिर्मासिके श्राद्धे मृतो यस्मिन् दिने नरः । रिक्तयोश्च त्रिपक्षे च सा तिथिर्नाद्रियेत वै ॥ २,३४.

For the monthly śrāddha, the lunar day on which the person died is used; but if it falls on a void day or in the threefold fortnight, that lunar day should not be regarded.

पौर्णमास्यां मृतो योऽसौ चतुर्थी तस्य चोनका । चतुर्थ्यान्तु मृतो यस्तु नवमी तस्य चोनका ॥ २,३४.

If one dies on the full moon day, the fourth lunar day is considered void for him; if one dies on the fourth day, the ninth is void for him.

नवम्याञ्च मृतो यश्च रिक्ता तस्य चतुर्दशी । एता रिक्ताश्च विज्ञेया अन्त्येष्टौ कुशलेन च ॥ २,३४.

If one dies on the ninth day, the fourteenth is void for him; these void days are to be known as such in the final rites, by those skilled in ritual.

एकादशाहे यच्छ्राद्धं नवकं तत्प्रकीर्तितम् । चतुष्पथे त्यजेदन्नं पुनः स्नानं समाचरेत् ॥ २,३४.

The śrāddha performed on the eleventh day is called the 'navaka'; at a crossroads, food should be abandoned, and one should bathe again.

एकादशाहादारभ्य घटस्यान्नं जलान्वितम् । दिनेदिने च दातव्यमब्दं यावद्द्विजोत्तमे ॥ २,३४.

From the eleventh day onward, food accompanied by water in a pot should be given daily to the best of Brahmins, for a full year.

मानुषस्य शरीरे तु विद्यते ह्यस्थिसञ्चयः । तत्संख्यः सर्वदेहेषु षष्ट्यधिकशतत्रयम् ॥ २,३४.

In the human body, there is indeed an accumulation of bones; in all bodies, their number is one hundred and six plus sixty, that is, one hundred and sixty-six.

उदकुम्भेन पुष्टानि तान्यस्थीनि भवन्ति हि । एतस्माद्दीयते कुम्भः प्रीतिः प्रेतस्य जायते ॥ २,३४.

These bones are nourished by a water-pot; therefore, the pot is given, and satisfaction arises for the departed.

यस्मिन् दिने मृतो जन्तुरटव्यां विषमेऽपि वा । यदा तदा भवेद्दाहः सूतकं मृतवासरात् ॥ २,३४.

On whatever day a creature dies, whether in the forest or in difficult terrain, cremation should be performed then, and impurity begins from the day of death.

तिलपात्रं तथान्नाद्यं गन्धधपादिकञ्च यत् । एकादशाहे दातव्यं तेन शूद्धो द्विजो भवेत् ॥ २,३४.

Sesame leaves, cooked food, and fragrant substances should be given on the eleventh day; by this, the Brahmin becomes purified.

क्षत्त्रियो द्वादशाहे तु वैश्यः पञ्चदशे तथा । शुद्धिः शूद्रस्य मासेन मृतके जातसूतके ॥ २,३४.

For a Kṣatriya, purification occurs on the twelfth day; for a Vaiśya, on the fifteenth; for a Śūdra, after a month, whether for death or birth impurity.