मृतकस्य गुणा ग्राह्या यमगाथां समुद्गिरेत् । शुभाशुभे च ध्यातव्ये पूर्वकर्मोपसञ्चिते ॥ २,३४.
The virtues of the deceased should be recited, and the song of Yama should be sung; one should contemplate both good and bad deeds accumulated previously.
लब्धेनैव च देहेन भुङ्क्ते सुकृतदुष्कृते । वायुरूपो भ्रमत्येव वायुरूर्ध्वं स गच्छति ॥ २,३४.
With the body thus obtained, one experiences the results of good and bad deeds; the soul, in the form of air, wanders and then ascends as air.
दशाहकर्मक्रियया कुटी निष्पाद्यते ध्रुवम् । नवकैः षोडशश्राद्धैः प्रयाति हि कुटीं नरः ॥ २,३४.
By performing the ten-day funeral rites, a hut is certainly produced; with nine or sixteen śrāddhas, a man attains the hut.
तिलैर्दर्भैश्च भूम्यां वै कुटी धातुमयी भवेत् । पञ्च रत्नानि वक्त्रे तु येन जीवः प्ररोहति ॥ २,३४.
With sesame seeds and darbha grass on the ground, the hut is made of elements; in its mouth are placed five gems, by which the soul grows forth.
यदा पुष्पं प्रनष्टं हि तदा गर्भं न धारयेत् । आदराच्च ततो भूमौ तिलदर्भान्विनिः क्षिपेत् ॥ २,३४.
When the flower is lost, conception does not occur; therefore, with care, one should cast sesame seeds and darbha grass on the ground.
पशुत्वे स्थावरत्वे च यत्र क्वापि स जायते । तत्रैव जन्तुरुत्पन्नः श्राद्धं तत्रोपतिष्ठति ॥ २,३४.
Wherever one is born, whether as an animal or a plant, the being arises there, and the śrāddha offering reaches there.
धन्विना लक्ष्यमुद्दिश्य मुक्तो बाणस्तदाप्नुयात् । यथा श्राद्धं यमुद्दिश्य कृतं तस्योपतिष्ठति ॥ २,३४.
Just as an arrow released by an archer reaches its target, so too does the śrāddha offering reach the one for whom it is performed.
यावन्नोत्पादितो देहस्तावच्छ्राद्धैर्न प्रीणनम् । क्षुधाविभ्रममापन्नो दशाहेन च तर्पितः ॥ २,३४.
Until a new body is produced, the departed is not satisfied by śrāddha offerings; afflicted by hunger, he is appeased by the ten-day rites.
पिण्डदानं न यस्याभूदाकाशे भ्रमते तु सः । दिनत्रयं वसंस्तोये अग्नावपि दिनत्रयम् । आकाशे वसते त्रीणि दिनमेकन्तु वासके ॥ २,३४.
He who has not received the rice-ball offering wanders in the sky; he dwells three days in water, three days in fire, three days in the sky, and one day in cloth.
दग्धे देहे च वह्नौ च जलेनैव तु तर्पितः । स्नेहस्नानं जलेनैव पूपकैः कृशरैर्गृहे ॥ २,३४.
When the body is burned in fire, he is satisfied by water; he bathes with oil and water, and at home with cakes and rice porridge.
प्रथमेऽह्नि तृतीये च पञ्चमे सप्तमेऽपि वा । नवमैकादशे चैव श्राद्धं नवकमुच्यते ॥ २,३४.
On the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and eleventh days, the śrāddha performed is called the 'ninefold śrāddha.'
गृहद्वारे श्मशाने वा तीर्थे देवालयेऽपि वा । यत्राद्यो दीयते पिण्डस्तत्र सर्वान् समापयेत् ॥ २,३४.
At the doorway of the house, at the cremation ground, at a sacred ford, or even at a temple—wherever the first offering of the rice-ball is made, there all the rites should be completed.
एकादशाहे यच्छ्राद्धं तत्सामान्यमुदाहृतम् । चतुर्णामेकवर्णानां शुद्ध्यर्थं स्नानमुच्यते ॥ २,३४.
The śrāddha performed on the eleventh day is called the general rite; for the purification of all four classes, bathing is prescribed.
कृत्वा चैकादशाहञ्च पुनः स्नात्वा शुचिर्भवेत् । दद्याद्विप्राय यः शय्यां यथोक्तं प्रेतमोक्षदाम् ॥ २,३४.
Having completed the eleventh day, one should bathe again and become pure; then, as prescribed, one should give a bed to a brāhmaṇa, which grants release to the departed.
न भवेत्यदा स गोत्रो परोऽपि विधिमाचरेत् । भार्या वा पुरुषः कश्चित्तुष्टश्च कुरुते स्त्रियः ॥ २,३४.
If there is no one of the same lineage, then even an outsider should perform the rite; or a wife, or any man who is willing, or a satisfied woman may do it.
प्रथमेऽहनि यः पिण्डो दीयते विधिपूर्वकम् । अन्नाद्येन च तेनैव सर्वश्राद्धानि कारयेत् ॥ २,३४.
The rice-ball that is offered according to rule on the first day—using that same food, all the śrāddha rites should be performed.
अमन्त्रं कारयेच्छ्राद्धं दशाहं नामगोत्रतः । श्राद्धं कृतन्तु यैर्वस्त्रैस्तानि त्यक्त्वा गृहं विशेत् ॥ २,३४.
For ten days, the śrāddha should be performed without mantras, only with the name and lineage; after completing the śrāddha, one should leave behind the garments used and enter the house.
असगोत्रः सगोत्रो वा यदि स्त्री यदि वा पुमान् । प्रथमेऽहनि यः कुर्यात्स दशाहं समापयेत् ॥ २,३४.
Whether of the same lineage or not, whether woman or man, whoever performs the rite on the first day should complete the ten-day observance.
जीवस्य दशभिः पिण्डैर्देहो निष्पाद्यते ध्रुवम् । वृद्धिश्च दशभिर्मासैर्गर्भस्थस्य यथा भवेत् ॥ २,३४.
Certainly, with ten rice-balls, the body of the living is formed, just as the fetus grows in the womb over ten months.
आशौचं यावदेतस्य तावत्पिण्डोदकक्रिया । चतुर्णामपि वर्णानामेष एव विधिः स्मृतः ॥ २,३४.
As long as the period of impurity lasts, so long should the offering of rice-balls and water be performed; this is the rule remembered for all four classes.
यत्र त्रिरात्रमाशौचं तत्रादौ त्रीन् प्रदापयेत् । चतुरस्तु द्वितीयेऽह्नि तृतीये त्रींश्तथैव च ॥ २,३४.
Where the period of impurity is three nights, three rice-balls should be given at first; four on the second day, and three likewise on the third.
पृथक्शरावयोर्दद्यादेकाहं क्षीरमम्बु च । एकोद्दिष्टन्तु वै श्राद्धं चतुर्थेऽहनि कारयेत् ॥ २,३४.
For one day, milk and water should be given in separate vessels; and on the fourth day, the ekoddiṣṭa śrāddha should be performed.
प्रथमेऽहनि यः पिण्डस्तेन मूर्धा प्रजायते । चक्षुः श्रोत्रञ्च नासा च द्वितीयेऽह्नि प्रजायते ॥ २,३४.
By the rice-ball offered on the first day, the head is produced; on the second day, the eyes, ears, and nose are formed.
गण्डौ वक्त्रं तथा ग्रीवा तृतीयेऽहनि जायते । हृदयं कुक्षिरुदरं चतुर्थे तद्वदेव हि ॥ २,३४.
On the third day, the cheeks, mouth, and neck are formed; on the fourth, the heart, sides, and abdomen likewise.
कटिपृष्ठं गुदञ्चापि पञ्चमेऽहनि जायते । षष्ठे ऊरू च विज्ञेये सप्तमे गुल्फसम्भवः ॥ २,३४.
On the fifth day, the waist, back, and anus are formed; on the sixth, the thighs are to be understood, and on the seventh, the ankles arise.
अष्टमे दिवसे प्राप्ते जङ्घे च भवतोऽण्डज । पादौ च नवमे ज्ञेयौ दशमे बलवत्क्षुधा ॥ २,३४.
On the eighth day, the shanks are formed, O egg-born one; on the ninth, the feet are to be known, and on the tenth, there is strong hunger.
एकादशाहे यः पिण्डस्तं दद्यादामिषेण तु । सिद्धान्नं तस्य दातव्यं कृशराः पूपकाः पयः । प्रक्षाल्य विप्रचरणावर्घ्यं धूपञ्च दीपक्रम् ॥ २,३४.
The rice-ball on the eleventh day should be given with meat; cooked food, rice porridge, cakes, and milk should be offered; after washing, one should present water for the feet, arghya, incense, and a lamp in order.
द्वादश प्रतिमास्यानि श्राद्धान्यैकादशे तथा । त्रिपक्षञ्चापि षण्मासे द्वे श्राद्धानि च षोडश ॥ २,३४.
Twelve images (pratimās) of śrāddha are to be performed, as well as on the eleventh day; also, one every fortnight for six months, and sixteen śrāddhas in total.
प्रति मासं प्रदातव्यं मृताहे या तिथिर्भवेत् । स मासः प्रथमो ज्ञेय इति वेदविदो विदुः ॥ २,३४.
Each month, the offering should be made on the same lunar day as the day of death; this first month is to be understood as such, according to those learned in the Vedas.
शवहस्ते च यच्छ्राद्धं मृतिस्थाने द्विजासने । तदेव प्रथमं श्राद्धं तत्स्यादेकादशेऽहनि ॥ २,३४.
The śrāddha performed with the corpse in hand, at the place of death, with Brahmins seated, is the first śrāddha; it should be done on the eleventh day.