Garuda Purana

सपिण्डीकरणं कृत्वा एकोद्दिष्टं करोति यः । आत्मानं च तथा प्रेतं स नयेद्दमशासनम् ॥ २,२६.

Whoever, after performing the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, conducts a single-offering rite, leads both himself and the departed to the realm of punishment.

वर्षं यावक्त्रिया कार्या नामगोत्रेण धीमता । घटादि भोजनं नित्यं पददानानि यानि च । सपिण्डीकरणे वृत्ते एकस्यैव तु दापयेत् ॥ २,२६.

For one year, the wise should perform the prescribed rites, using the name and lineage; daily, food and water should be offered, as well as the giving of vessels and other items; when the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa is completed, these offerings are to be made for only one person.

अन्नं पानीयसहितं संख्यां कृत्वाब्दिकस्य च । दातव्यं ब्राह्मणे पक्षिञ्जलपूर्णघटादिकम् ॥ २,२६.

Cooked food, together with water, should be given to a brāhmaṇa, counting the number according to the annual rite, as well as vessels filled with birds and other such items.

पिण्डान्ते तस्य सकला वर्षवृत्तिः स्वशक्तितः । दिव्यदेहो विमानस्थः सुखं याति यमालयम् ॥ २,२६.

At the end of the piṇḍa offerings, for the full year, according to one's ability, the departed attains a divine body, rides in a celestial vehicle, and happily goes to the abode of Yama.

जीवमाने च पितरि न हि पुत्त्रे सपिण्डता । स्त्रीणां सपिण्डनं नास्ति तथा भर्तरि जीवति ॥ २,२६.

While the father is alive, the son does not become a sapiṇḍa; for women, there is no sapiṇḍa relationship while the husband is alive.

हुताशं या समारूढा चतुर्थेऽह्नि पतिव्रता । तस्या भर्तृदिने कार्यं वृषोत्सर्गादिकं च यत् ॥ २,२६.

A devoted wife who ascends the funeral fire on the fourth day—on her husband's death anniversary, the rites such as releasing the bull and others should be performed for her.

पुत्त्रिका पतिगोत्रा स्यादधस्तात्पुत्रजन्मनः । पुत्रोत्पत्तेः परस्तात्सा पितृगोत्रं व्रजेत्पुनः ॥ २,२६.

A daughter belongs to her husband's lineage after marriage, below the birth of a son; after the birth of a son, she returns to her father's lineage.

पतिपत्न्योः सदैकत्वं हुताशं याधिरोहति । पुत्रेणैव पृथक्श्राद्धं क्षयाख्ये तस्य वासरे ॥ २,२६.

When a wife ascends the funeral fire, she becomes one with her husband; on the day called kṣaya, the son should perform separate śrāddha for her.

अपुत्त्रौ चेन्मृतौ स्यातामेकचित्यां समेऽहनि । पृथक्श्राद्धानि कुर्वीत सापिड्यं पतिना सह ॥ २,२६.

If both die childless on the same day and are placed on one funeral pyre, separate śrāddhas should be performed, but the piṇḍa offering is to be made together with the husband.

पृथक्पृथक्च पिण्डेन दम्पती पतिना सह । न लिप्यते महादोषैरेतत्सत्यं वचो मम ॥ २,२६.

By offering separate piṇḍas for husband and wife, together with the husband, one is not tainted by great faults; this is my true statement.

एकचित्यां समारूढौ दम्पती निधनं गतौ । एकपाकं प्रकुर्वीत पिण्डान्दद्यात्पृथक्पृथक् ॥ २,२६.

If husband and wife die and are placed on one funeral pyre, one cooking should be done, but the piṇḍa offerings should be given separately.

एकादशे वृषोत्सर्गं प्रेतश्राद्धानि षोडश । घटादिपददानानि महादानानि यानि च । वर्षं यावत्पृथक्कुर्यात्प्रेतस्तृप्तिं व्रजेच्चिरम् ॥ २,२६.

On the eleventh day, the release of the bull, sixteen funeral śrāddhas, the giving of vessels, food, and great gifts—these should be done separately for a year; the departed will attain satisfaction for a long time.

एकगोत्रे मृतानां तु स्त्रिया वा पुरुषस्य वा । स्थण्डिलं चैकतः कुर्याद्धोमं कुर्यात्पृथक्पृथक् ॥ २,२६.

For those who have died in the same lineage, whether woman or man, the funeral ground should be prepared together, but the oblations should be performed separately.

एकादशेऽह्नि यच्छ्राद्धं पृथक्पिण्डाश्च भोजनम् । पाकैरेन पतिस्त्रीणामन्येषां च विगर्हितम् ॥ २,२६.

On the eleventh day, the śrāddha, separate piṇḍas, and meals—if cooked together for wives or others, it is considered improper.

एकेनैव तु पाकेन श्राद्धानि कुरुते सुतः । एकं तु विकिरं कुर्यात्पिण्डान्दद्यद्बहूनपि । तीर्थे चापरपक्षे वा चन्द्रसूर्यग्रहेऽपि वा ॥ २,२६.

But the son may perform the śrāddhas with a single cooking, make one offering, and give many piṇḍas, whether at a sacred place, during the dark fortnight, or at an eclipse of the moon or sun.

नारी भर्तारमासाद्य कुणपं दहते यदा । अग्निर्दहति गात्राणि आत्मानं नैव पीडयेत् ॥ २,२६.

When a woman, having reached her husband, burns the corpse, the fire consumes the body but does not afflict the soul.

दह्यते ध्मायमानानां धातूनां हि यथा मलम् । तथा नारी दहेद्देहं हुताशे ह्यमृतोपमे ॥ २,२६.

Just as fire burns away the impurities of metals being smelted, so does a woman burn her body in the sacred fire, which is like immortality.

दिव्यादौ दिव्यदेहस्तु शुद्धो भवति पूरुषः । तप्ततैलेन लोहेन वह्निना नैव दह्यते ॥ २,२६.

At the beginning of the divine state, a person attains a divine body, pure; he is not burned by heated oil, iron, or fire.

तथा सा पतिसंयुक्ता दह्यते न कदाचन । अन्तरात्मा मृते तस्मिन्मृतोऽप्येकत्वमागतः ॥ २,२६.

In the same way, when united with her husband, she is never burned; even after his death, having attained oneness, the inner self remains.

भर्तृसंगं परित्यज्य अन्यत्र म्रियते यदि । भर्तृलोकं न सा याति यावदाभूतसंप्लवम् ॥ २,२६.

If, abandoning her husband, a woman dies elsewhere, she does not attain her husband's world until the end of the cosmic dissolution.

लक्ष्मीयुतान्परित्यज्य मातरं पितरं तथा । मृतं पतिमनुव्रज्य सा चिरं सुखमेधते ॥ २,२६.

But if, forsaking even her wealthy mother and father, she follows her deceased husband, she attains lasting happiness.

दिव्यवर्षप्रमाणेन तिस्रः कोट्योर्ऽद्धकोटयः । तावत्कालं वसेत्स्वर्गे नक्षत्रैः सह सर्वदा ॥ २,२६.

For a period measured by one and a half crore times three crore divine years, she dwells in heaven, always among the stars.

तदन्ते चरते लोके कुले भवति भोगिनाम् । सा हि लब्धमहाप्रीतिर्भर्त्रा सह पतिव्रता ॥ २,२६.

After that, she moves about in the world, is born in the family of the prosperous, and, as a devoted wife, enjoys great happiness together with her husband.

एवं न कुरुते नारी धर्मोढा पतिसंगमम् । जन्मजन्मनि दुः खार्तादुः शीलाप्रियवादिनी ॥ २,२६.

But if a married woman does not act in this way, she suffers pain and misfortune, birth after birth, speaking harshly and delighting in wickedness.

वल्गुली गृहसोधा वा गोधा वा द्विमुखी भवेत् । स्वभर्तारं परित्यज्य परपुंसोनुवर्तिनी ॥ २,२६.

A woman who abandons her own husband and follows another man becomes a monkey, a house lizard, a monitor lizard, or one with two faces.

तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन स्वपतिं स्त्री निषेवते । मनसा कर्मणा वाचा मृतं जीवन्तमेव वा ॥ २,२६.

Therefore, by every effort, a woman should serve her husband—whether living or dead—with mind, action, and speech.

जीवमाने मृते वापि किल्बिषं कुरुते तु या । स च वैधव्यमाप्नोति जन्मजन्मनि दुर्भगा ॥ २,२६.

She who commits sin, whether her husband is alive or dead, obtains widowhood and misfortune, birth after birth.

यद्देवेभ्यो यत्पितृभ्यः श्रद्धयैव प्रदीयते । तत्फलं भर्तृपूजातः कुर्याद्भर्त्रर्चनं ततः ॥ २,२६.

Whatever is offered with faith to the gods or ancestors, that same fruit is obtained by worshipping the husband; therefore, one should honor the husband.

एवं कृते खगश्रेष्ठ पितृलोके चिरं वसेत् । यावदादित्यचन्द्रौ च तावद्देवसमा दिवि ॥ २,२६.

By acting thus, O best of birds, she dwells long in the world of ancestors, and in heaven she is equal to the gods for as long as the sun and moon endure.