Garuda Purana

मिष्टान्नं भोजनं देयं दाने शक्तिस्तु दुर्लभा । भोज्ये भोजनशक्तिश्च रतिशक्तिर्वरस्त्रियः ॥ २,२४.

Sweet food should be given, but the ability to give is rare; the power to eat is in food, the power of enjoyment is in noble women.

विभवे दानशक्तिश्च नाल्पस्य तपसः फलम् । दानाद्भोगानवाप्नोति सौख्यं तीर्थस्य सेवनात् । सुभाषणान्मृतो यस्तु स विद्वान्धर्मवित्तमः ॥ २,२४.

The power to give is in wealth; the fruit of austerity is not for the poor. By giving, one attains enjoyment; by visiting holy places, happiness; by speaking well, the dead becomes wise and most learned in dharma.

अदत्तदानाच्च भवेद्दरिद्रो दरिद्रभावाच्च करोतिपापम् । पापप्रभावान्नरकं प्रयाति पुनर्दरिद्रः पुनरेव पापी ॥ २,२४.

From not giving what should be given, one becomes poor; from poverty, one commits sin; from the power of sin, one goes to hell, and again becomes poor and sinful.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् २५ श्रीविष्णुरुवाच । अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि पुरुषस्त्री विनिर्णयम् । जीवन्वापि मृतो वापि पञ्चवर्षाधिकोऽपि वा ॥ २,२५.

Śrī Viṣṇu said: Now I will explain the rules for men and women, whether living or dead, even if they are over five years old.

पूर्णे तु पञ्चमे वर्षे पुमांश्चैव प्रतिष्ठितः । सर्वैन्द्रियाणि जानाति रूपारूपविपर्ययौ ॥ २,२५.

When the fifth year is completed, a boy is established; he knows all the senses and the difference between form and formlessness.

पूर्वकर्मविपाकेन प्राणिनां वधबन्धनम् । विप्रादीनन्त्यजान्सर्वान्पापं मारयति ध्रुवम् ॥ २,२५.

Because of the results of previous actions, living beings are subject to killing and bondage; among all, from Brāhmaṇas to outcastes, sin certainly destroys.

गर्भे नष्टे क्रिया नास्ति दुग्धं देयं मृते शिशौ । परं च पायसं क्षीरं दद्याद्वलविपत्तितः ॥ २,२५.

If the fetus is lost, no rites are performed; milk should be given for a dead child, and rice pudding or milk should be given if a child dies young.

एकादशाहं द्वादशाहं वृषं वृषविधिं विना । महादानविहीनं च कुमारे कृत्यमादिशेत् ॥ २,२५.

On the eleventh or twelfth day, without the bull or the rites for the bull, and without the great gifts, the prescribed rites for a boy should be performed.

कुमाराणां चैव बालानां भोजनं वस्त्रवेष्टनम् । बाले वा तरुणे वृद्धे घटो भवति वै मृते ॥ २,२५.

For boys and children, food and clothing should be given; whether the deceased is a child, youth, or elder, the water-pot rite is to be performed.

भूमौ विनिः क्षिपेद्बालं द्विमासोनं द्विवार्षिकम् । ततः परं खगश्रेष्ठ देहदाहो विधोयते ॥ २,२५.

One should place a child of two months or two years upon the ground; after that, O best of birds, the burning of the body is prescribed.

शिशुरा दन्तजननाद्बालः स्याद्यावदाशिखम् । कथ्यते सर्वशास्त्रेषु कुमारो मौञ्जिबन्धनात् ॥ २,२५.

A child is so called until teething, and is referred to as such until the tuft of hair is grown; in all scriptures, a youth is said to begin from the tying of the sacred thread.

शूद्रादीनां कथं कुर्यात्संशयो मौञ्जिवर्जनात् । गर्भाच्च नवमं हित्वा शिशुरामासषोडशम् ॥ २,२५.

How should one act for Śūdras and others, since the sacred thread is omitted? After leaving the ninth month from conception, the child is considered up to sixteen months.

बालश्चाथ परञ्ज्ञेय आमाससप्तविंशति । आ पञ्च वर्षात्कौमारः पौगण्डो नवहांयनः ॥ २,२५.

Then, O bird, know that the term 'child' applies up to twenty-seven months; 'boyhood' lasts until five years, and 'pauganda' up to nine years.

किशोरः षोडशाब्दः स्यात्ततो यौवनमादिशेत् । मृतोऽपि पञ्चमे वर्षे अवृतः सवृतोऽपि वा ॥ २,२५.

A 'kishora' is sixteen years old; after that, youth is declared. If one dies in the fifth year, whether uninitiated or initiated, the same applies.

पूर्वोक्तमेव कर्तव्यमीहते दशपिण्डकम् । स्वल्पकर्मप्रसङ्गाच्च स्वल्पाद्विषयबन्धनात् ॥ २,२५.

The previously mentioned rites must be performed, including the offering of ten rice balls, due to the limited scope of actions and the small extent of worldly ties.

स्वल्षाद्वपुषि वस्त्राच्च क्रियां स्वल्पामपीच्छति । यावदुपचयो जन्तुर्यावद्विषयवेष्टितः ॥ २,२५.

Because of the smallness of the body and the clothing, only minimal rites are desired, as long as the being is growing and bound by worldly matters.

यद्यद्यस्योपजीव्यं स्यात्तत्तद्देयमिहेच्छति । ब्रह्मबीजोद्भवाः पुत्रा देवर्षोणां च वल्लभाः ॥ २,२५.

Whatever sustains each individual, that should be given here; sons born from the seed of Brahma are dear to the gods and sages.

यमेन यमदूतैश्च शास्यन्ते निश्चितं खग । बालो वृद्धो युबा वापि घटमिच्छन्ति देहिनः ॥ २,२५.

They are certainly governed by Yama and his messengers, O bird; whether child, elder, or youth, embodied beings desire union.

सुखं दुः खं सदा वेत्ति देही वै सर्वगस्त्विह । परित्यज्य तदात्मानं जीर्णां त्वचमिवोरगः ॥ २,२५.

The embodied soul always experiences pleasure and pain here; abandoning itself like a snake sheds its worn skin.

अङ्गुष्ठमात्रः पुरुषो वायुभृतः क्षुधान्वितः । तस्माद्देयानि दानानि मृते बाले सुनिश्चितम् ॥ २,२५.

The person, the size of a thumb, sustained by air and driven by hunger, therefore, offerings must certainly be given when a child dies.

जन्मतः पञ्च वर्षाणि भुङ्क्ते दत्तमसंस्कृतम् । पञ्चवर्षाधिके बाले विपत्तिर्यदि जायते ॥ २,२५.

From birth, for five years, one enjoys what is given without rites; if a child older than five years dies, adversity arises.

वृषोत्सर्गादिकं कर्म सपिण्डीकरणं विना । द्वादशे हनि सम्प्राप्ते कुर्याच्छ्राद्धानि षोडश ॥ २,२५.

The rites such as releasing the bull, except for the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, should be performed; when the twelfth day arrives, sixteen śrāddha ceremonies are to be done.

पायसेन गुडेनापि पिण्डान्दद्याद्यथाक्रमम् । उदकुम्भप्रदानं च पद (उप) दानानि यानि च ॥ २,२५.

One should offer rice balls with milk or even with jaggery, in proper order; the giving of water pots and other offerings as appropriate.

भोजनानि द्विजे दद्यान्महादानादि शक्तितः । दीपदानादि यत्किञ्चित्पञ्चवर्षाधिके सदा ॥ २,२५.

One should give food to twice-borns, and great gifts as able; always, after five years, even small gifts like lamps should be given.

कर्तव्यं च खगश्रेष्ठ व्रतात्प्राक्प्रेततृप्तये । यदा नक्रियते सर्वं मुद्गलत्वं स गच्छति ॥ २,२५.

O best of birds, rites must be performed before the vow, for the satisfaction of the departed; if nothing is done, he attains the state of Mudgala.

व्रतात्प्राङ्गेव देयं तु ततः पितृगणस्य च । स्वाहाकारेण वै कुर्यादेकोद्दिष्टानि षोडश ॥ २,२५.

Offerings should be made before the vow, and then to the group of ancestors; one should perform sixteen specified rites with the svāhā invocation.

ऋजुदर्भैस्तिलैः शुक्लैः प्राचीनावीति निश्चितम् । अपसव्यं च कर्तव्यं कृते यान्ति परां गतिम् ॥ २,२५.

Using straight darbha grass and white sesame seeds, with the cloth facing east, certainly; the rites should be performed with the thread over the left shoulder, and when done, they attain the highest state.

पुनश्चिरायुषो भूत्वा जायन्ते स्वकुले ध्रुवम् । सर्वसौख्यप्रदः पुत्रः पित्रोः प्रीतिविवर्धनः ॥ २,२५.

Again, having become long-lived, they are certainly born in their own family; a son grants all happiness, increases the affection of his parents.

आकाशमेकं हि यथा चन्द्रादित्यौ यथैकतः । घटादिषु पृथक्सर्वं पश्य रूपं च तत्समम् ॥ २,२५.

Just as there is one sky, and the moon and sun are united in it, so too, observe that in pots and other vessels, the forms are distinct, yet the essence is the same.