Garuda Purana

ब्रह्मेन्द्ररुद्रनासत्यसूर्याग्निवसुमारुतान् । विश्वेदेवान्पितृ गणान्वयांसि मनुजान्पशून् ॥ २,८.

Brahmā, Indra, Rudra, the Aśvins, Sūrya, Agni, the Vasus, the Maruts, all the Viśvadevas, the groups of ancestors, lineages, humans, and animals—

सरीसृपान्मातृगणान्यच्चान्यद्भूतसंज्ञितम् । श्राद्धं श्रद्धान्वितः कुर्वन्प्रीणयत्यखिलं जगत् ॥ २,८.

Serpents, groups of Mothers, and all other beings called bhūtas—by performing śrāddha with faith, one satisfies the entire universe.

ते तृप्तास्तर्पयन्त्येनं पुत्रदारधनैस्तथा । अधिकारः क्रियाभेदः समासात्ते निरूपितः ॥ २,८.

When they are satisfied, they in turn gratify him with sons, wives, and wealth; the eligibility, the distinctions of rites, and the summary have thus been explained.

गरुड उवाच । उक्तेष्वेकोऽपि चेन्न स्यादधिकारी सुरोत्तम । कर्तव्यं किं तदा विष्णो पुरुषेण विजानता ॥ २,८.

Garuda said: If, among those mentioned, not even one eligible person remains, O best of gods, what should a knowledgeable man do then, O Viṣṇu?

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच । अधिकारो यदा नास्ति यदि नास्ति च निश्चयः । जीविते सति जीवाय दद्याच्छ्राद्धंस्वयं नरः ॥ २,८.

Śrī Kṛṣṇa said: When there is no eligible person and no certainty, as long as he lives, a man should himself offer śrāddha for the living.

कृतोपवासः सुस्नातः कृष्णासङ्गः समाहितः । कर्तारमथ भोक्तारं विष्णुं सर्वेश्वरं यजेत् ॥ २,८.

Having fasted, bathed well, worn black garments, and being concentrated, he should worship Viṣṇu, the Lord of all, as the performer and the recipient.

सदक्षिणाश्च सतिलास्तिस्त्रश्च जलधेनवः । निवेदयेत्पितृभ्यश्च स्वधेति सुसमाहितः ॥ २,८.

With proper gifts and with sesame, and three water-cows, he should offer to the ancestors, saying 'svadhā,' with full attention.

अग्नये कव्यवाहनाय स्वधा नम इति स्मरन् । सोमायत्वा पितृमते स्वधा नम इति स्मरन् ॥ २,८.

Remembering, 'Obeisance with svadhā to Agni, the carrier of offerings,' and 'Obeisance with svadhā to Soma, the lord of ancestors,' he should recite thus.

दक्षिणेन तु दद्याच्च तृतीयां दक्षिणायुताम् । यमायाङ्गिरसे चाथ स्वधा नम इति स्मरन् ॥ २,८.

He should give the third, accompanied by a gift, to the south; to Yama and Aṅgiras, reciting 'Obeisance with svadhā,' he should offer.

तयोर्मध्ये तु निः क्षिप्य विप्रान्संमन्त्र्य भो जयेत् । प्रथमामुत्तरे न्यस्य द्वितीयां दक्षिणे न्यसेत् ॥ २,८.

Placing them in between, having honored the brāhmaṇas, he should invite them to eat; placing the first to the north, the second to the south.

मध्ये तृतीयां विन्यस्य पश्चादावाहनादिकम् । आवाहनादिना पूर्वं विश्वेदेवान्प्रपूज्यच ॥ २,८.

Placing the third in the middle, then performing the invocation and other rites, he should first worship the Viśvadevas with the invocation and so on.

वसुभ्यस्त्वामहं विप्र रुद्रेभ्यस्त्वामहं ततः । सूर्येभ्यस्त्वामहं विप्र भोजयामीति तान्वदेत् ॥ २,८.

He should say to the brāhmaṇas: 'To the Vasus I offer you, O brāhmaṇa; to the Rudras I offer you; to the Sūryas I offer you; now I feed you.'

आवाहनादिकं शेषं कुर्याच्च पितृशेषवत् । साम्यां धेनुं ततो दद्याद्वसूद्देशं द्विजाय तु ॥ २,८.

He should perform the remaining invocation and other rites as for the ancestors; then give a cow in common, and to a brāhmaṇa for the Vasus' sake.

आग्नेय्यां चाथ रौद्राय याम्यां सूर्यद्विजाय तु । विश्वेभ्यश्चाथ देवेभ्यस्तिलपात्रं निवेदयेत् ॥ २,८.

To the Agneyya, to the Raudra, to the Yāmya, and to the Sūrya-brāhmaṇa, he should offer; and to all the Viśvadevas, he should present a vessel of sesame.

स्वस्तीत्येव तथाक्षय्यं जलं दत्त्वाथ तान्द्विजान् । विसर्जयेत्स्मरन्विष्णुं देवमष्टाक्षरं विभुम् ॥ २,८.

Saying 'svasti' and giving inexhaustible water, he should then dismiss those brāhmaṇas, remembering Viṣṇu, the Lord, with the eight-syllabled mantra.

ततः कामं कुलेशानीं शिवं नारायणं स्मरेत् । चतुर्दश्यां ततो गच्छेद्यथाप्राप्तां सरिद्वराम् ॥ २,८.

Then, as desired, one should remember the Lady of the family, Shiva, and Narayana; on the fourteenth day, one should go to the best river as available.

वस्त्राणि लोहखण्डानि जितं त इति संजपन् । दक्षिणाभिमुखो वह्निं ज्वालयेत्तत्र च स्वयम् ॥ २,८.

Reciting 'these are conquered,' regarding cloths and pieces of iron, one should kindle the fire facing south, doing so oneself.

पञ्चाशता कुशैर्ब्राह्मीं कृत्वा प्रतिकृतिं दहेत् । हुत्वा श्माशानिकं होमं पूर्णाहुत्यन्तमेव हि ॥ २,८.

With fifty blades of kusa grass, making a Brahmi effigy, one should burn it; after offering the funeral oblation, one should complete the full offering.

निरग्रिमथ वा भूमिं यमं रुद्रञ्च संस्मरेत् । हुत्वा प्राधानिके स्थाने पश्चादावाहयेच्च तम् ॥ २,८.

Or, without fire, one should remember Yama and Rudra upon the earth; having offered at the principal place, one should then invoke him afterwards.

श्रपयेच्चापरं वह्नौ मुद्गमिश्रं चरुं ततः । तिलतण्डुलमिश्रञ्च द्वितीयं सपवित्रकम् ॥ २,८.

One should cook another oblation in the fire, mixed with mung beans; and a second, mixed with sesame and rice, together with a purifying stick.

ओं पृथिव्यै नमस्तुभ्यमिति चैकं निवेदयेत् । ओं यमाय नमश्चेति द्वितीयं तदनन्तरम् ॥ २,८.

One should offer the first with 'Om, obeisance to the Earth'; and the second immediately after with 'Om, obeisance to Yama.'

ओं नमश्चाथ रुद्राय श्माशानपतये नमः । ततो दीप्ते समिद्धेऽग्नौ भूमौ प्रकृतिदारुणे ॥ २,८.

Then, 'Om, obeisance to Rudra, Lord of the cremation ground'; after that, into the blazing, well-kindled fire, upon the earth, in its natural harshness.

सप्तभ्यो यमसंज्ञेभ्यो दद्यात्सप्त जलाञ्जलीन् । यमाय धर्मराजाय मृत्यवे चान्तकाय च ॥ २,८.

One should offer seven handfuls of water to the seven entities named Yama: to Yama, Dharmaraja, Mrityu, and Antaka.

वैवस्वताय कालाय सर्वप्राणहराय च । स्वधाकारनमस्कारप्रणवैः सह सप्तधा ॥ २,८.

To Vaivasvata, Kala, and the taker of all lives, along with the sevenfold utterance of svadha, salutation, and pranava.

अमुकामुकगौत्रैतत्तुभ्यमस्तु तिलोदकम् । प्रदद्याद्दश पिण्डांस्तु अर्घपुष्पसमन्वितान् ॥ २,८.

With the formula 'May this sesame water be for so-and-so and so-and-so of the Gautra,' one should offer ten balls, accompanied by argha and flowers.

धूपो दीपो बलिर्गन्धः सर्वेषामस्तु चाक्षयः । दश पिण्डांस्तु दान्दत्त्वा विष्णोः सौम्यं मुखं स्मरेत् ॥ २,८.

Incense, lamp, offering, and fragrance should be inexhaustible for all; after giving the ten balls, one should remember the gentle face of Vishnu.

कुर्याच्च मासिकं मासि सपिण्डीकरणं ततः । आशौचान्ते ततः कुर्यादात्मनो वा मरस्य तु ॥ २,८.

One should perform the monthly rite each month, then the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa; at the end of impurity, one should do so for oneself or for the deceased.

कुर्यादस्थिरतां ज्ञात्वा शक्त्यारोग्यधनायुषम् । एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं जीवच्छ्राद्धं मया खग ॥ २,८.

Knowing impermanence, one should perform as able, according to health, wealth, and lifespan; thus, O bird, I have told you the entire living śrāddha.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् ९ गरुड उवाच । उक्तमाद्यां क्रियां यावन्नृपोऽपीतित्वयानघ । कस्यचित्केनचिद्राज्ञा किमाद्या सा कृता पुरा ॥ २,९.

Garuḍa said: You have described the initial rite, O sinless one, even for a king; by whose command and for what reason was that first rite performed in ancient times?