Garuda Purana

तृतीयः शीघ्रगस्तुर्यो रोधको लेखकः परः । ब्राह्मण उवाच । प्रेतानां कर्मजातानां कुतो नाम निरर्थकम् ॥ २,७.

'The third is Shighraga, the fourth is Rodhaka, and the fifth is Lekhaka.' The brahmin said: 'How can the names of pretas, born of karma, be meaningless?'

निरुक्तिमेषां नाम्नां वै प्रेता वदत मा चिरम् । श्रीकृष्ण उवाच । एवमुक्तास्तु विप्रेण पृथगुत्तरमब्रुवन् ॥ २,७.

'Explain the meaning of these names without delay.' Shri Krishna said: Thus addressed by the brahmin, they each gave their answer separately.

पर्युषित उवाच । कदाचिच्छ्राद्धकाले वै मया विप्रो निमन्त्रितः ॥ २,७.

Paryushita said: 'Once, at the time of a śrāddha, I invited a brahmin...'

स च कृत्वा विलम्बेन वृद्धो मद्गृहमागतः । अकृतश्राद्धकर्माहं तं पाकं भुक्तवान् क्षुधा ॥ २,७.

He, having delayed, came to my house as an old man; I, not having performed the śrāddha rites, ate that food out of hunger.

अददामन्नमाकृष्य विप्रे पर्युषितं कियत् । तस्मात्पापान्मृतः पापो योनिं वै कुत्सितां गतः ॥ २,७.

I gave to the Brahmin some leftover food, drawing it forth; because of that sin, I died a sinner and attained a degraded birth.

यतः पर्युषितं दत्तं ततः पर्युषितः स्मृतः । सूचीमुख उवाच । कदाचिद्ब्राह्मणी काचित्तीर्थं भद्रवटं ययौ ॥ २,७.

Because what is given is stale, it is called 'stale'; Sūcīmukha said: Once, a certain Brahmin woman went to the holy place Bhadravaṭa.

पञ्चवर्षसुता वृद्धा पुत्रमात्रैकजीविता । अहं क्षत्त्रियदायादस्तस्या रोधमकारिषम् ॥ २,७.

She was old, with a five-year-old son, and her life depended solely on him; I, a kṣatriya by lineage, caused her to weep.

वने तु विजने तत्र पापाध्वगगतिं गतः । तस्याः सवस्त्रं पाथेयं तत्सूनोर्वसनानि च ॥ २,७.

In that lonely forest, I, following a sinful path, took her clothing, provisions, and her son's garments as well.

गृहीतानि मया विप्र शिरस्यापीड्य मुष्टिना । तृषार्तस्तत्क्षणं बालः पात्रसंस्थं जलं पिबन् ॥ २,७.

I seized them, O Brahmin, striking her on the head with my fist; at that moment, her thirsty child was drinking water from a vessel.

तावन्मात्रोदके देशे मया हुङ्कृत्य वारितः । मयाथ सकलं पीतं जलं पात्रात्तृषावता ॥ २,७.

Just then, as the boy was at the water, I shouted and drove him away; then, driven by thirst, I drank all the water from the vessel.

बालोऽपि भयसन्त्रस्तः पिपासुर्व्यसुरापतत् । पुत्रशोकान्मृता माता कूपे प्रास्य निजं वपुः ॥ २,७.

The boy, terrified and desperate with thirst, fell lifeless; the mother, stricken with grief for her son, cast herself into a well and died.

एतस्मात्पातकाद्विप्र प्रेतत्वं प्राप्तवानहम् । सूच्यग्रप्रायविवरमुखः पर्वतदेहवान् ॥ २,७.

Because of this sin, O Brahmin, I attained the state of a preta, with a body like a mountain and a mouth as small as a needle's eye.

यद्यपि प्राप्नुयां भक्ष्यं भक्षितुन्तु न शक्यते । मया क्षुधानलेनापि ज्वलतास्यं निकोचितम् ॥ २,७.

Even if I obtain food, I am unable to eat it; though my mouth burns with the fire of hunger, it is pinched shut.

अत आस्ये तु विवरं सूच्यग्रेण समं मम । एतस्मात्कारणाद्विप्र नाम्ना सूचीमुखोऽस्म्यहम् ॥ २,७.

Therefore, my mouth is as narrow as a needle's tip; for this reason, O Brahmin, I am called Sūcīmukha by name.

शीघ्रग उवाच । पुराहं वैश्यजातीयः साकं सख्या च केनचित् । वाणिज्यं कर्तुमगमं देशमन्यं महाधनः ॥ २,७.

Śīghraga said: Formerly, I was born in the Vaiśya caste; together with a certain friend, I went to another country, being very wealthy, to conduct trade.

मित्रं च मे बहुधनं तस्य लोभो महांस्ततः । जातोऽप्यदृष्टवैमुख्यान्मे नष्टं मूलमप्युत ॥ २,७.

My friend was also very wealthy, but then great greed arose in me; because of unseen misfortune, I even lost my capital.

ततस्तस्मात्तु निष्क्रान्तावावां नावाथ निम्नगाम् । मार्गगां तर्तुमारब्धौ लोहितायति भास्करे ॥ २,७.

Then, the two of us departed from there and boarded a boat on the river; as the sun reddened, we began to cross the stream.

सखा स च मदुत्सङ्गे सुष्वापाध्वक्लमाकुलः । अभूत्तदाति पापस्य क्रूरा मतिरतीव मे ॥ २,७.

My friend, exhausted from the journey, slept in my lap; at that time, my mind became extremely cruel because of sin.

तमुत्सङ्गगतं सूरे नष्टे पूरेऽक्षिपं तदा । तत्कृत्यं कुर्वतो नावि लोकैस्तु ज्ञातमेव न ॥ २,७.

When the sun had set and darkness fell, I threw him, who was lying in my lap, into the water; as I did this, no one on the boat noticed.

तस्य यद्वस्तु तत्सर्वं मणिमुक्तादिकाञ्चनम् । आदाय शीघ्रगस्तस्माद्देशात्स्वगृहमागतः ॥ २,७.

Taking all his possessions—jewels, pearls, gold, and the rest—I, Śīghraga, returned from that place to my own home.

तत्सर्वं स्वगृहे मुक्त्वा तस्य पत्न्यै न्यवेदयम् । दस्युभिर्मे हतो भ्राता धनमाच्छिद्य वै पथि ॥ २,७.

Leaving all of it at home, I told his wife: 'My brother was killed by robbers on the road, who took his wealth.'

प्रजावति प्रद्रुतोऽहं मा रोदीत्येवमब्रवम् । शोकार्ता सापि तत्कालं ममत्वं गृहबन्धुषु ॥ २,७.

I, seized by the lord of creatures, said, 'Do not weep.' At that moment, she, afflicted by grief, abandoned her attachment to home and kin.

त्यक्त्वा चाति प्रियान्प्राणाञ्जुहावाग्नौ यथाविधि । ततो निष्कण्टकं तद्धि वीक्ष्य हृष्टो गतो गृहम् ॥ २,७.

Then, giving up even her most beloved life, she offered herself into the fire according to the proper rites. Seeing that place now free of obstacles, I joyfully returned home.

अभुञ्जं सर्वमागत्य यावज्जीवं तु तद्धनम् । मित्रं पूरे हि निःक्षिप्य यदहं शीघ्रमागतः ॥ २,७.

Having returned, I enjoyed all that wealth for the rest of my life, after depositing what I had with a friend in the city, for I had come back quickly.

एतस्मात्कारणात्प्रेतः शीघ्रगोऽहं तु नामतः । रोधक उवाच । अहन्तु शूद्रजातीयः पुराभूवं मुनीश्वर ॥ २,७.

For this reason, I am called 'the swift-going departed.' The Restrainer said: I was once born of the Śūdra caste, O best of sages.

राजप्रसादाप्तमहाशतग्रामाधिकारवान् । वृद्धौ मे पितरावास्तां लघुरेकः सहोदरः ॥ २,७.

By royal favor, I obtained authority over a hundred great villages. In my old age, my parents remained, and I had one younger brother.

शीघ्रं स च मया भ्राता लुब्धेनैकः पृथक्कृतः । आप्तवान्परमं दुःखं सोन्नवस्त्रविवर्जितः ॥ २,७.

That brother, separated by me out of greed, quickly fell into great misery, lacking food and clothing.

अदत्तां पितरौ च्छन्नं किञ्चित्किञ्चित्तु तस्य च । तस्मै पितृभ्यां यद्दत्तमाप्तेभ्यस्तन्मया श्रुतम् ॥ २,७.

My parents secretly gave him a little, and I learned from trusted people what had been given to him by our parents.

तत्सर्वं तत्त्वतो ज्ञात्वा पित्रो रोधमकारयम् । शून्यमन्दिर एकस्मिन्बद्ध्वा तु निगडैर्दृढैः ॥ २,७.

Knowing all this as it truly was, I confined my parents, binding them firmly with chains in an empty house.