Garuda Purana

एकोद्दिष्टविधानेन कार्यं तदपि काश्यप । तिलगन्धोदकैर्युक्तं कुर्यात्पात्रचतुष्टयम् ॥ २,५.

That too should be performed according to the rite for a single offering, O Kāśyapa; one should prepare four vessels with sesame, fragrance, and water.

पात्रं प्रेतस्य तत्रैकं पित्र्यं पात्रत्रयं तथा । सेचयेत्पितृपात्रेषु प्रेतपात्रं खग त्रिषु ॥ २,५.

Of these, one vessel is for the departed, and three are for the ancestors; the vessel for the departed should be poured into the three ancestor vessels, O bird.

चतुरो निर्वपेत्पिण्डान्पूर्वन्तेषु समापयेत् । ततः प्रभृति वै प्रेतः पितृसामान्यमश्नुते ॥ २,५.

One should offer four balls (piṇḍas) and complete the rite as previously described; from that moment, the departed attains equality with the ancestors.

ततः पितृत्वमापन्ने तस्मिन्प्रेते खगेश्वर । श्राद्धधर्मैरशेषैस्तु तत्पूर्वानर्चयेत्पितॄन् ॥ २,५.

Then, when the departed has attained the state of an ancestor, O lord of birds, he should worship his forefathers with all the funeral rites.

एकचित्यारोहणे च एकाह्नि मरणे तथा । सापिण्ड्यन्तु स्त्रिया नास्ति मृते भर्तुः स्त्रियो भवेत् ॥ २,५.

When cremation is done in a single pyre, or when death occurs in a single day, sapiṇḍīkaraṇa is not performed for a woman; but when her husband dies, it is performed for her.

पाकैक्यमथ कालैक्यं कर्त्रैक्यञ्च भवेत्खग । श्राद्धादौ सह दाहे च पतिपत्न्योर्न संशयः ॥ २,५.

Unity in cooking, unity in timing, and unity in the act itself must be observed, O bird, both at the śrāddha and during the cremation of husband and wife together—of this there is no doubt.

भर्तुर्मृततिथेरन्यतिथौ चितिमथारुहेत् । तांमृताहनि तु सम्प्राप्ते पृथक्पिण्डेन योजयेत् ॥ २,५.

If the husband dies as a guest, the wife should ascend the funeral pyre with him; but when the day of her own death arrives, she should be joined to him with a separate offering.

प्रत्यब्दञ्च युगपत्तु समापयेत् ॥ २,५.

And each year, these rites should be completed together and at the same time.

यस्य संवत्सरादर्वाक्सपिण्डीकरणं भवेत् । मासिकञ्चोदकुम्भञ्च देयं तस्यापि वत्सरम् ॥ २,५.

If the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa (joining of offerings) occurs before a full year has passed, then for that person, monthly rites and the water-pot offering should still be performed for the remainder of the year.

नवश्राद्धं सपिण्डत्वं श्राद्धान्यपि च षोडश । एकेनैव तु कार्याणि संविभक्तधनेष्वपि ॥ २,५.

The nine śrāddhas, the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, and also the sixteen śrāddhas—all these should be performed by one person alone, even when the inheritance is divided.

पितामहीभिः सापिण्ड्यं तथा मातामहैः सह । उक्तं भर्त्रापि सापिण्ड्यं स्त्रिया वेषयभेदतः ॥ २,५.

Sapiṇḍya (kinship by offering) is with the paternal grandmothers and likewise with the maternal grandfathers; it is also said that a wife shares sapiṇḍya with her husband, depending on the distinction of dress.

नवश्राद्धस्य ते कालं वक्ष्यामि शृणु काश्यप । मरणाह्नि मृतिस्थाने श्राद्धं पक्षिन्प्रकल्पयेत् ॥ २,५.

Now I shall tell you the timing of the nine śrāddhas, O Kāśyapa; on the day of death, at the place of death, the śrāddha should be arranged, O bird.

द्वितीयञ्च ततो मार्गे विश्रामो यत्र कारितः । ततः सञ्चयनस्थाने तृतीयं श्राद्धमुच्यते ॥ २,५.

The second is to be performed at the place along the way where a rest was taken; then, at the place where the bones are gathered, the third śrāddha is prescribed.

पञ्चमे सप्तमे तद्वदष्टमे नवमे तथा । दशमैकादशे चैव नव श्राद्धानि वै खग ॥ २,५.

On the fifth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh days likewise, O bird, nine śrāddhas are to be performed.

श्राद्धानि नव चैतानि तृतीया षोडशी स्मृता । एकोद्दिष्टविधानेन कार्याणि मनुजैस्तथा ॥ २,५.

These nine śrāddhas, with the third being considered the sixteenth, should be performed by men according to the rules for the ekoddiṣṭa (single-offering) rite.

प्रथमेऽह्नि तृतीये वा पञ्चमे सप्तमे तथा । नवमैकादशे चैव नवश्राद्धं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ २,५.

On the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and eleventh days, the nine śrāddhas are prescribed.

उच्यन्ते षडिमानीह नव स्युरपि यागेतः । उक्तानि ते मया तानि ऋषीणां मतभेदतः ॥ २,५.

Here, six are sometimes mentioned, but nine may also be performed according to desire; I have told you these, as they are taught by the sages according to their differing opinions.

रूढिपक्षो ममाभीष्टो योगः कैश्चिदिहेष्यते । आद्ये द्वितीये दातव्यस्तथैवैकं पवित्रकम् ॥ २,५.

The established tradition is my preference, though some desire the yogic method; on the first and second days, one should also give a single piece of sacred cloth.

प्रेताय पिण्डो दातव्यो भुक्तवत्सु द्विजातिषु । प्रश्रस्तत्राभिरण्येति यजमानद्विजन्मना ॥ २,५.

A ball of rice should be offered to the departed, after the twice-born have eaten; there, the sacrificer and the twice-born should declare, 'It has been properly given.'

अक्षय्यममुकस्येति वक्तव्यं विरतौ तथा । एकोद्दिष्टं मे निबोध चेत्थमावत्सरं स्मृतम् ॥ २,५.

It should be said, 'This is inexhaustible for the departed,' and likewise when abstaining; understand that the ekoddiṣṭa (single-offering) is to be performed for a year in this way.

सपिण्डीकरणादूर्ध्वं यानि श्राद्धानि षोडश । एकोद्दिष्टविधानेन चरेद्वा पार्वणादृते ॥ २,५.

After the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, the sixteen śrāddhas should be performed according to the ekoddiṣṭa procedure, except for the parvaṇa (seasonal) rites.

प्रत्यब्दं यो यथा कुर्यात्तथा कुर्यात्स तान्यपि । एकादशे द्वादशेऽह्नि प्रेतो भुङ्क्ते दिनद्वयम् ॥ २,५.

Whatever is done annually should also be done for these rites; on the eleventh and twelfth days, the departed partakes for two days.

योषितः पुरुषस्यापि पिण्डं प्रेतेति निर्वपेत् । सापिण्ड्ये तु कृते तस्य प्रेतशब्दो निवर्तते ॥ २,५.

For a woman, as for a man, the rice-ball should be offered as to the departed; but when sapiṇḍya is performed, the term 'departed' is no longer applied to her.

दीपदानं प्रकर्तव्यमावर्षन्तु गृहाद्बहिः । अन्नं दीपो जलं वस्त्रमन्यद्वादीयते च यत् ॥ २,५.

One should offer lamps during the rainy season, outside the house; food, lamps, water, cloth, and whatever else is given.

तृप्तिदं प्रेतशब्देन सपिण्डीकरणावधि । अब्दकृत्यं मयोक्तन्ते समासाद्विनतासुत ॥ २,५.

That which gives satisfaction, called 'preta' until the completion of the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa rite, is the annual duty I have explained to you, O son of Vinatā.

वैवस्वतगृहे यानं यथा तत्तु निबोधमेः । त्रयोदशेऽह्नि श्रवणाकर्मणोनन्तरन्तु सः ॥ २,५.

Hear from me how the journey to the house of Vaivasvata occurs: on the thirteenth day, immediately after the śravaṇa ritual, it takes place.

त्वग्गृहीताहिवत्तार्क्ष्य गृहीतो यमकिङ्करैः । तस्मिन्मार्गे व्रजत्येको गृहीत इव मर्कटः ॥ २,५.

O Tārkṣya, seized like a snake caught by its skin, taken by Yama's attendants, on that path he goes alone, as if captured like a monkey.

वाय्वग्रसारिवद्रूपं देहमन्यत्प्रपद्यते । तत्पिण्डजं पातनार्थमन्यत्तु पितृसम्भवम् ॥ २,५.

He attains another body, like the form of wind or sāriva; one is born from the piṇḍa for the purpose of suffering, and another arises from the ancestors.

तत्प्रमाणवयोऽवस्थासंस्थानां प्रग्भवो यथा । षडशीति सहस्राणि योजनानां प्रमाणतः ॥ २,५.

The measure, age, condition, and form of that body are as follows: eighty-six thousand yojanas in extent.