Garuda Purana

शताञ्जलि यदा पक्षिन्नाद्ये त्रिंशत्तदाहनि । चत्वारिंशद्द्वितीयेऽह्नि त्रिंशदह्नि तृतीयके ॥ २,५.

O Bird, on the first day, one hundred handfuls are to be given; on the thirtieth day, thirty; on the second day, forty; and on the third day, thirty.

एवं जलस्याञ्जलयो विभाज्याः पक्षयोर्द्वयोः । सर्वेषु पितृकार्येषु पुत्रो मुख्योऽधिकारवान् ॥ २,५.

In this way, the handfuls of water are to be divided between the two sides; in all rites for the ancestors, the son is the principal and authorized performer.

पिण्डप्रसेकस्तूष्णीञ्च पुष्पधूपादिकं तथा । दशमेऽहनि सम्प्राप्ते स्नानं ग्रामाद्बहिश्चरेत् ॥ २,५.

The offering of the rice-ball, silent observance, and such things as flowers and incense—when the tenth day arrives, one should bathe outside the village.

तत्र त्याज्यानि वासांसि केशश्मश्रुनखानि च । विप्रः शुध्यत्यपः स्पृष्ट्वा क्षत्त्रियो वाहनं तथा ॥ २,५.

There, garments, hair, beard, and nails are to be discarded; a Brahmin is purified by touching water, and a Kshatriya by his vehicle.

वैश्यः प्रतोदं रश्मीन्वा शूद्रो यष्टिं कृतक्रियः । मृतादल्पवयोभिश्च सपिण्डैः परिवापनम् ॥ २,५.

A Vaishya, by his goad or reins; a Shudra, by a staff, having performed the rites. For those who died young, the sapiṇḍīkarana (joining with ancestors) is to be done with their kin.

कार्यन्तु षोडशी षड्भिः पिण्डैर्दशभिरैव च । प्रथमा मलिना ह्येतैरादशाहं मृतेर्भवेत् ॥ २,५.

The sixteenfold rite is to be performed with six or ten rice-balls; the first ten days after death are to be observed with these, in an impure state.

दिनानि दश यान्पिण्डान्कुर्वन्त्यत्र सुतादयः । प्रत्यहं ते विभज्यन्ते चतुर्भागैः खगोत्तम ॥ २,५.

For ten days, the sons and others offer rice-balls; each day, O best of birds, they are to be divided into four parts.

भागद्वयेन देहः स्यात्तृतीयेन यमानुगाः । तृप्यन्ति हि चतुर्थेन स्वयमप्युपजीवति ॥ २,५.

With two parts, the body is formed; with the third, the followers of Yama; with the fourth, they are satisfied, and the deceased himself subsists.

अहोरात्रैस्तु नवभिर्देहो निष्पत्तिमाप्नुयात् । शिरस्त्वाद्येन पिण्डेन प्रेतस्य क्रियते तथा ॥ २,५.

In nine days and nights, the body attains completion; with the first rice-ball, the head of the departed is formed.

द्वितीयेन तु कर्णाक्षिनासिकं तु समासतः । गलांसभुजवक्षश्च तृतीयेन तथा क्रमात् ॥ २,५.

With the second, the ears, eyes, and nose are formed in summary; with the third, the throat, shoulders, arms, and chest are formed in order.

चतुर्थेन च पिण्डेन नाभिलिङ्गगुदं तथा । जानुजङ्घं तथा पादौ पञ्चमेन तु सर्वदा ॥ २,५.

With the fourth rice-ball, the navel, genitals, and anus are formed; with the fifth, always the knees, shanks, and feet.

सर्वमर्माणि षष्ठेन सप्तमेन तु नाडयः । दन्तलोमान्यष्टमेन वीर्यन्तु नवमेन च ॥ २,५.

With the sixth, all vital organs; with the seventh, the veins; with the eighth, the teeth and hair; with the ninth, the virility.

दशमेन तु पूर्णत्वं तृप्तता क्षुद्विपर्ययः । मध्यमां षोडशीं वच्मि वैनतेय शृणुष्व मे ॥ २,५.

With the tenth, fullness is attained, satisfaction and the cessation of hunger; now I will speak of the middle sixteenfold rite, O son of Vinata, listen to me.

विष्णवादिविष्णुपर्यन्तान्येकादश तथा खग । श्राद्धानि पञ्च देवानामित्येषां मध्यषोडशी ॥ २,५.३८ निमित्तं दुर्मतिं कृत्वा यदि नारायणो बलिः । एकादशाहे कर्तव्यो वृषोत्सर्गोऽपि तत्र वै ॥ २,५.

From Viṣṇu to the end of Viṣṇu, there are eleven śrāddhas, O Bird; and five for the gods—these are the middle sixteenfold rites. If, through ill intent, Nārāyaṇa or Bali is omitted, then on the eleventh day the rite must be performed, along with the release of a bull.

एकादशाहे प्रेतस्य यस्योत्सृज्येत नो वृषः । प्रेतत्वं सुस्थिरं तस्य दत्तैः श्राद्धशतैरपि ॥ २,५.

If, on the eleventh day, the bull is not released for the departed, his state as a spirit remains firm, even with the gift of a hundred śrāddhas.

अकृत्वा यद्वृषोत्सर्गं कृतं वै पिण्डपातनम् । निष्फलं सकलं विद्यात्प्रमीताय न तद्भवेत् ॥ २,५.

If the release of the bull is not performed, and only the offering of rice-balls is done, know that all such rites are fruitless and do not benefit the deceased.

वृषोत्सर्गादृते नान्यत्किञ्चिदस्ति महीतले । पुत्रः पत्न्यथ दौहित्रः पिता वा दुहिताथ वा ॥ २,५.

Apart from the release of the bull, there is nothing else on earth—whether son, wife, daughter's son, father, or daughter.

मृतादनन्तरं तस्य ध्रुवं कार्यो वृषोत्सवः । चतुर्वत्सतरीयुक्तो यस्योत्सृज्येत वा वृषः ॥ २,५.

Immediately after death, the bull-offering ceremony must certainly be performed for him; it is to be done with a bull that is four years old, or with one that is let loose.

अलङ्कृतो विधानेन प्रेतत्वं तस्य नो भवेत् । एकादशेऽह्नि सम्प्राप्ते वृषालाभो भवेद्यदि ॥ २,५.

If the bull is properly adorned according to the prescribed rite, he does not become a departed spirit; but if the bull is obtained on the eleventh day, then it is considered as such.

दर्भैः पिष्टैस्तु सम्पाद्य तं वृषं मोचयेद्वुधः । वृषोत्सर्जनवेलायां वृषाभाव (लाभ) कथञ्चन ॥ २,५.

If a bull is not available at the time of the bull-offering, then one should fashion it from darbha grass or flour and release it; in any way, the bull must be provided.

मृत्तिकाभिस्तु दर्भैर्वा वृषं कृत्वा विमोचयेत् । यदिष्टं जीवतस्तस्य दद्यादेकादशेऽहनि ॥ २,५.

By making a bull from clay or darbha grass, one should release it; if desired, while the person is still alive, this may be given on the eleventh day.

मृतमुद्दिश्य दातव्यं शय्याधेन्वादिकं तथा । विप्रान्बहून् भोजयीत प्रेतस्य क्षुद्विशान्तये ॥ २,५.

In honor of the deceased, one should give a bed, a cow, and similar gifts; and feed many Brahmins to satisfy the hunger of the departed.

तृतीयां षोडशीं वच्मि वैनतेय शृणुष्व ताम् । द्वादश प्रतिमास्यानि आद्यं षाण्मासिकं तथा ॥ २,५.

I will tell you, O son of Vinatā, about the third and sixteenth rites; listen to them: there are twelve memorial offerings, the first being at six months.

सपिण्डीकरणं चैव तृतीया षोडशी मता । द्वादशाहे त्रिपक्षे च षण्मासे मासिकेऽब्दिके ॥ २,५.

The third and sixteenth rites are considered to be the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa; these are performed on the twelfth day, after three fortnights, at six months, monthly, and yearly.

तृतीयां षोडशीमेनां वदन्ति मतभेदतः । यस्यैतानि न दत्तानि प्रेतश्राद्धानि षोडश ॥ २,५.

This third and sixteenth rite is described differently according to various opinions; if these sixteen funeral offerings are not given,

पिशाचत्वं स्थिरं तस्य दत्तैः श्राद्धशतैरपि । एकादशे द्वादशे वा दिने आद्यं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ २,५.

He remains firmly in the state of a ghost, even if hundreds of funeral rites are performed; the first is prescribed on the eleventh or twelfth day.

मासादौ प्रतिमासञ्च शुद्धं मृततिथौ खग । एकेनाह्ना त्रिभिर्वापि हीनेषु विनतासुत ॥ २,५.

At the beginning of the month, and monthly, the pure rite is performed on the date of death, O bird; if missed, it may be done in one or three days, O son of Vinatā.

मासषण्मासवर्षेषु त्रिपक्षेषु भवन्ति हि । श्राद्धान्यथस्यात्सापिण्ड्यं पूर्णे वर्षे तदर्धके ॥ २,५.

In the month, six months, year, and three fortnights, the funeral rites are performed; sapiṇḍīkaraṇa is done at the completion of the year or at half a year.

त्रिपक्षेऽभ्युदये वापि द्वादशाहेऽथ वा नृणाम् । आनन्त्यात्कुलधर्माणां पुंसाञ्चैवायुषः क्षयात् ॥ २,५.

In the case of three fortnights, or at the twelfth day, or for men, due to the endlessness of family duties and the brevity of human life,