Garuda Purana

तत्तु दुर्मरणं ज्ञेयं यच्च जातं विधैं विना । तेन पापेन नरकान् भुक्त्वा प्रेतत्वभागिनः

All these are to be known as unnatural deaths, and those who die in such ways, without proper rites, after suffering in hell, become wandering spirits.

न तेषां कारयेद्दाहं सूतकं नोदकक्रियाम् । न विधानं मृताद्यञ्च न कुर्या दौर्ध्वदैहिकम्

For them, one should not perform cremation, impurity rites, water offerings, the prescribed funeral ceremonies, or any post-death rituals.

न पिण्डदानं कर्तव्यं प्रमादाच्चेत्करोति हि । नोपतिष्ठति तत्सर्वमन्तरिक्षे विनश्यति

One should not offer piṇḍa (rice balls) for them; if done out of ignorance, none of it reaches them—it all perishes in the air.

अतस्तस्य सुतैः पौत्त्रैः सपिण्डैः शुभमिच्छुभिः । नारायणबलिः कार्यो लोकगर्हाभिया खग

Therefore, their sons, grandsons, and relatives who desire their welfare should offer the Nārāyaṇa-bali, O bird, to avoid public reproach.

तथा तेषां भवेच्छौचं नान्यथेत्यब्रवीद्यमः । कृते नारायणबलावौर्ध्वदेहिकयोग्यता

Thus, Yama declared that for them, purity is established only in this way; by performing the Nārāyaṇa-bali, they become eligible for post-death rites.

तस्य सुद्धिकरं कर्म तद्भवेन्न तदन्यथा । नारायणबलिं सम्यक्तीर्थे सर्वं प्रक्पयेत्

That act alone purifies them; nothing else does. The Nārāyaṇa-bali should be properly performed at a sacred place.

कृष्णाग्रे कारयेद्बिप्रैर्येन पूतो भवेन्नरः । पूर्वन्तु तर्पणं कार्यं विप्रैः पौराणवैदिकैः

In the presence of an image of Kṛṣṇa, by brāhmaṇas, for the purification of the deceased, the preliminary water offering should be performed by brāhmaṇas versed in the Purāṇas and Vedas.

सर्वौषध्यक्षतैर्मिश्रैर्विष्णुमुद्दिश्य तर्पयेत् । कार्यं पुरुषसूक्तेन मन्त्रैर्वा वैष्णवैरपि

With all kinds of medicinal herbs and unbroken rice, one should offer water to Viṣṇu, using the Puruṣa-sūkta or other Vaiṣṇava mantras.

दक्षिणाभिमुखो भूत्वा प्रेतं विष्णुमिति स्मरन् । अनादिनिधनो देवः शङ्खचक्रगदाधरः

Facing south, remembering Viṣṇu as the immortal Lord bearing the conch, discus, and mace, one should offer to the departed.

अक्षयः पुण्डरीकाक्षः प्रेतमोक्षप्रदो भव । तर्पणस्यावसाने स्याद्वीतरागो विमत्सरः

O Lotus-eyed One, inexhaustible, grantor of liberation to the departed, become free from passion and envy at the conclusion of the offering of water.

जितेन्द्रियमना भूत्वा शुचिष्मान्धर्मतत्परः । भक्त्या तत्र प्रकुर्वीत श्राद्धान्येकादशैव तु

Having mastered the senses and mind, being pure and devoted to righteousness, one should perform there, with devotion, exactly eleven śrāddha rites.

सर्वकर्मविधाने एकैकाग्रे समाहितः । तोयव्रीहियवान्दद्याद्गोधूमांश्च प्रियङ्गवः

With single-minded concentration in the performance of all the rites, one should offer water, rice, barley, wheat, and priyaṅgu grains.

हविष्यान्नं शुभं मुद्रां छत्रोष्णीषे च दापयेत् । दापयेत्सर्वसंस्यानि क्षीरं क्षौद्रसमान्वितम्

One should give auspicious cooked food, a seal, an umbrella, and a turban; all the necessary items should be given, along with milk mixed with honey.

वस्त्रोपानहसंयुक्तं दद्यादष्टविधं पदम् । द्पयेत्सर्वपापेभ्यो न कुर्यात्पङ्क्तिवञ्चनम्

One should give eight kinds of gifts, including cloth and footwear; let all be given for release from all sins, and one must not commit deception in the distribution.

भूमौ स्थितेषु पिण्डेषु गन्धपुष्पाक्षतान्वितम् । दातव्यं सर्वंविप्रेभ्यो वेदशास्त्रविधानतः

When the rice balls are placed on the ground, accompanied by fragrance, flowers, and unbroken rice, everything should be given to the brāhmaṇas according to the injunctions of the Vedas and scriptures.

शङ्खे खड्गेऽथ वा ताम्रे तर्पणञ्च पृथक्पृथक् । ध्यानधारणसंयुक्तो जानुभ्यामवनीं गतः

In a conch, sword, or copper vessel, the offering of water should be made separately, with meditation and concentration, kneeling upon the earth.

ऋचा वै दापयेदर्घमर्घोद्दिष्टं पृथक्पृथक् । ब्रह्मा विष्णुश्च रुद्रश्च यमः प्रेतश्च पञ्चमः

With a Vedic verse, one should offer the arghya, each one separately as prescribed; Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Rudra, Yama, and the departed are the five.

पृथक्कुम्भे ततः स्थाप्याः पञ्चरत्नसमन्विताः । वस्त्रयज्ञोपवीतानि पृथङ्मुद्गाः पदानि च

Then, in separate pots adorned with five gems, one should place garments, sacred threads, and separately, mung beans and foot coverings.

पञ्च श्राद्धानि कुर्वीत देवतानां यथाविधि । जलधारां ततः कुर्यात्पिण्डेपिण्डे पृथक्पृथक्

One should perform five śrāddha rites for the deities according to rule; then pour water on each rice ball, one by one.

शङ्खे वा ताम्रपात्रे वा अलाभे मृन्मये पि वा । तिलोदकं समादाय सर्वोषधिमसन्वितम्

In a conch or copper vessel, or if unavailable, in an earthen one, one should take water mixed with sesame seeds and all medicinal herbs.

ताम्रपात्रं तिलैः पूर्णं सहिरण्यं सदक्षिणम् । दद्याद्ब्राह्मणमुख्याय पददानं तथैच

A copper vessel filled with sesame, along with gold and a fee, should be given to a foremost brāhmaṇa, as well as the gift of foot coverings.

यमोद्देशेतिलांल्लौहं ततो दद्याच्च दक्षिणाम् । एवं विष्णुबलिं दत्त्वा यथाशक्त्या विधानतः

For Yama, one should give sesame and iron, and then a fee; thus, having given the Viṣṇu offering according to one's ability and the rules—

समुद्धरति तत्क्षिप्रं नात्र कार्या विचारण नागदंशान्मृतो यस्तु विशेषस्तन्तु मे शृणु

He is quickly uplifted thereby; there should be no doubt about this. Now hear from me the special rule for one who has died from a snakebite.

सुवर्णभारनिष्पन्नं नागं कृत्वा तथैव गाम् । विप्राय दत्त्वा विधिवत्पितुरानृण्यमाप्नुयात्

By making a serpent out of a weight of gold, and likewise a cow, and giving them properly to a brāhmaṇa, one attains freedom from debt to the father.

एवं सर्पबलिं दत्त्वा सर्पदोषाद्विमुच्यते । पश्चात्पुत्तलकं कार्यं सर्वोषधिसमन्वितम्

Thus, by offering the serpent gift, one is freed from the fault of snake harm; afterwards, an effigy should be made, furnished with all medicinal herbs.

पलाशस्य च वृन्तानां विभागं शृणु काश्यप । कृष्णाजिनं समास्तीर्य कुशैश्च पुरुषाकृतिम्

Now hear, O Kāśyapa, the arrangement of the stalks of the palāśa tree: spreading out black antelope skin and arranging the stalks of kuśa grass in the form of a man.

शतत्रयेण षष्ट्या च वृन्तैः प्रोक्तोऽस्थिसञ्चयः । विन्यस्य तानि वृन्तानि अङ्गेष्वेषु पृथक्पृथक्

The collection of bones is said to be made with three hundred and sixty stalks; placing those stalks separately on the various limbs.

चत्वारिंशच्छिरोभागे ग्रीवायां दश विन्यसेत् । विंशत्युरः स्थले दद्याद्विंशतिञ्जठरे तथा

Place forty bones in the head, ten in the neck, twenty in the chest, and likewise twenty in the abdomen.

बाहुद्वये शतं दद्यात्कटिदेशे च विंशतिम् । ऊरुद्वये शतञ्चापि त्रिंशज्जङ्घाद्वये न्यसेत्

Assign one hundred bones to the two arms, twenty at the waist, one hundred to the two thighs, and thirty to the two shanks.