ततः प्रपितामहीप्रभृतीनामनुज्ञापनमासनदानं गन्धादिदानञ्च अच्छिद्रावधारणवाचनम् । इत्थं पितामह्याः मातुः । ततः प्रपितामहादीनां अनुज्ञापनम् । आसनमावाहनङ्गन्धादिदानंवृद्धप्रमातामहादीनामनुज्ञापनादिकरणम् । ओं वसुसत्यसंज्ञकेभ्यो देवेभ्य एतदन्नं सघृतं सपानीयं सव्यञ्जनं सवदरं सदधि प्रतिषिद्धवर्जितं नम इति अन्नसङ्कल्पनम् । ओं अमुकगोत्रे ! मत्पितामहमुकदेवि नान्दीमुखि ! एतदन्नं सबदरं सदधि नमः । एवं मातामहप्रभातामहेभ्यः ॥ १,२१९.
Then, permission is sought from the great-grandmother and others, seating is given, fragrance and so forth are offered, and the recitation for assurance of unbrokenness is made. Thus, for the grandmother and mother. Then, permission is sought from the great-grandfather and others, seating, invocation, fragrance, and so forth are given, and permission is sought from the aged maternal ancestors and others. 'Om, for the Vasus called Satyasaṃjña, for the gods, this food with ghee, water, vegetables, jujube, and curd, excluding forbidden items, is offered.' 'Om, for such-and-such lineage, for my grandfather, for the great-grandmother named so-and-so, nāndīmukha, this food with jujube and curd is offered.' Likewise for the maternal ancestors and others.
एकोद्दिष्टं पुरोऽवश्यं तद्विशेषं वदे शृणु । प्रथमं निमन्त्रणं पादप्रक्षालनमासनम् । अद्य अमुकगोत्रस्य मत्पितुरमुकदेवशर्मणः प्रतिसांवत्सरिकमेकोद्दिष्टश्राद्धं सिद्धान्नेन युष्मास्वहं करिष्ये । श्राद्धकरणानुज्ञापनमासनं गन्धादिदानमन्नानुकल्पनम् । जप्यं निवीती । उत्तराभिमुखीभूयातिथिश्राद्धं कुर्यात् ॥ १,२१९.
The single-offering rite must be performed first; hear its distinction. First, invitation, washing of feet, and seating. 'Today, for the lineage of such-and-such, for my father named so-and-so, the annual single-offering śrāddha will be performed by me for you with prepared food.' Permission for performing the śrāddha, seating, offering of fragrance and so forth, and preparation of food are made. Recitation is performed with the sacred thread on the left shoulder, facing north, and the guest śrāddha is performed.
ततस्मृप्तिं ज्ञात्वा दक्षिणाभिमुखीवामोपवीती उच्छिष्टसमीपे अग्निदग्धा इति अन्नविकिरणम् । अमुकगोत्रमत्पितरमुकदेवशर्मन्नेतत्ते जलमवनेनिक्ष्व ये चात्र त्वामनुयाश्च त्वामनुतस्मै ते स्वधा इति रेखोपरि वारिधारादानम् । शेषं पूर्ववत् ॥ १,२१९.
Then, recalling the departed, facing south with the sacred thread on the left shoulder, near the remnants, 'burned by fire,' the scattering of food is performed. 'For the lineage of such-and-such, for my father named so-and-so, place this water for them; those who follow you and those who follow them, let svadhā be for them'—thus, water is poured over the line. The rest is as before.
श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् २२० ब्रह्मोवाच । सपिण्डीकरणं वक्ष्ये पूर्णेऽब्दे तत्क्षयेऽहनि । कृतं सम्यग्यथाकाले प्रेतादेः पितृलोकदम् ॥ १,२२०.
Brahma said: I will explain the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa rite, to be performed at the completion of a year or on its last day. When performed properly at the right time for the departed, it grants the world of the ancestors.
सपिण्डीकरणं कुर्यादपराह्ने तु पूर्ववत् । पितामहादिब्राह्मणनिमन्त्रणम् । ओं पुरूरवार्द्रवसंज्ञकेभ्यो देवेभ्य एतदासनं नमः । वामपार्श्वे चासनदानम् । आवाहनम् । ततः पितामहप्रपितामहवृद्धप्रपितामहानां सपत्नीकानां श्राद्धमहं करिष्ये इत्यनुज्ञाग्रहणंपात्रत्रयकरणंपात्रोपरि कुशं दत्त्वा पात्रान्तरेण पिधाय अच्छिद्रावधारणान्तं परिसमाप्य तथैव पितुरपि सपत्नीकस्य प्रेतपदान्तनाम्ना श्राद्धकरणानुज्ञापनं देवपात्राच्छिद्रावधारणम् ॥ १,२२०.
The sapiṇḍīkaraṇa should be performed in the afternoon, as before. Invitation of the Brahmins representing the ancestors is made. 'Om, for the gods called Purūrava and Dravasasaṃjña, this seat is offered.' Seating is given on the left side. Invocation follows. Then, for the grandfather, great-grandfather, and aged great-grandfather, together with their wives, the śrāddha is performed, permission is sought, three vessels are prepared, sacred grass is placed on them, and covered with another vessel. The assurance of unbrokenness is recited, and similarly, for the father and his wife, permission is sought for performing the śrāddha in the name of the departed, and the assurance of unbrokenness is recited for the vessel of the gods.
तत्परिसमाप्य पितामहप्रपितामहवृद्धप्रपितामहक्रमेण पात्राणां मनाक्चालनम् । उद्धाटनं कृत्वाओं ये समानाः समनसः पितरो यमराज्ये । तेषां लोकः स्वधा नमो यज्ञो देवेषु कल्पताम् । ओं ये समानाः समनसो जीवा जीवेषु मामकाः । तेषां श्रीर्मयि कल्पतामस्मिन् लोके शतं समाः । एतन्मन्त्रद्वयेन पितृपात्रोदकं पितामहप्रपितामहपात्रे वृद्धप्रपितामहपात्रं परित्यज्य पितामहप्रपितामहयोरुदकं पवित्रञ्च पितृपात्रे क्षिपेत् ॥ १,२२०.
After completing this, the vessels for the grandfather, great-grandfather, and aged great-grandfather are slightly moved in order. After uncovering them, one recites: 'Om, those ancestors who are united in mind in Yama's realm, may their world be svadhā, may the sacrifice be established among the gods.' 'Om, those ancestors who are united in mind among the living, who are mine among the living, may prosperity be established in me in this world for a hundred years.' With these two mantras, water from the ancestor vessel is poured into the vessels for the grandfather and great-grandfather, abandoning the vessel for the aged great-grandfather. The water and sacred grass from the vessels for the grandfather and great-grandfather are placed into the ancestor vessel.
ततः पितृब्राह्मणहस्ते पात्रस्थपवित्रदानम् । पात्रस्थपुष्पेण शिरसः करपादार्चनं ब्राह्मणहस्तेऽन्य जलदानंहस्ताभ्यां पात्रमुत्थाप्य ओं या दिव्येति पठित्वा ओं अमुकगोत्र मत्पितामह अमुकदेवशर्मन् सपत्नीक एष ते अर्घ्यः स्वधा । पितृपात्रेणैव पितामहब्राह्मणहस्ते स्तोकमर्घ्योदकं सपवित्रङ्गृहीत्वास्तोकमुदकं पिण्डसेचनार्थं पात्रान्तरेण पिधाय पितृब्राह्मणवामपार्श्व दक्षिणाग्रकुशोपरि पितृभ्यः स्तानमसीति अधोमुखपात्रस्थपनम् ॥ १,२२०.
Then, the offering of pure water in a vessel is given into the hands of the ancestral priest; with a flower placed in the vessel, the head, hands, and feet are touched in reverence. Another water offering is given into the priest’s hands; lifting the vessel with both hands, the mantra 'Om, O Divine Ones,' is recited, followed by 'Om, to the ancestor of such-and-such lineage, my grandfather, named such-and-such, together with his wife, this is your arghya, svadhā.' Using the same ancestral vessel, a small amount of arghya water, together with the purifying grass, is taken and, for the purpose of offering to the ancestors, is covered with another vessel and placed mouth-down on the southern tip of the sacred grass on the left side of the ancestral priest, with the words, 'This is the place for the ancestors.'
पितामहप्रपितामहवृद्धप्रपितामहेभ्यो गन्धादिदानमग्नौकरणम् । अवशिष्टान्नं प्रपितामहादिपात्रे क्षिपेत् । पितामहपात्राभिमन्त्रणपर्यन्तक्रमेण समाप्यापि ब्राह्मणपात्राभिमन्त्रणम् । अङ्गुष्ठनिवेशनं तिलविकरणं कृत्वा अमुकगोत्र एतत्ते अन्नं सघृतं सपानीयं सव्यञ्जनं प्रतिषिद्धवर्जितं ये चात्र त्वा मनुयाश्च त्वामनु तस्मै ते स्वधा इति ॥ १,२२०.
To the great-grandfathers and the elders before them, offerings such as fragrance are made in the fire; the remaining food is placed in the vessel for the great-grandfathers and others. After completing the mantras for the great-grandfather’s vessel in order, the mantras for the priest’s vessel are also performed. Placing the thumb and scattering sesame seeds, the mantra is recited: 'Of such-and-such lineage, this food with ghee, with water, with side dishes, free from prohibited items, is for you and for those who follow you; to them, svadhā.'
ततो देवप्रभृतिभ्य अपोशानं दद्यात् । अतिथिप्राप्तौ अतिधिश्राद्धं कुर्यात् । अस्मिन्नवसरे विकिरणम् । पितामाहदौ प्रश्रं कृत्वा पितृब्राह्मणमों स्वदितं भवद्भिरिति प्रश्रः । ओं अमुकगोत्र मत्पितः अमुकशर्मन् सपत्नीक एष ते पिण्डो ये चात्रत्वामनुयाश्च त्वामनु तस्मै स्वधेति पिण्डपात्रमच्छिद्रमस्तु । ततः सङ्कल्प सिद्धिवाचनं समाप्य पिण्डं द्विधा कृत्वा ये समानाः सुमनस इति मन्त्रद्वयं पठित्वा पितामहवृद्धप्रपितामहपात्रेषु क्षिपेत् । पिण्डेषु गन्धादिकं दत्त्वा पिण्डचालनम् । अतिथिब्राह्मणे स्वदितादिप्रश्रः । ब्राह्मणानामाचमनम् । भुक्तिक्रमेण ताम्बूलदानम् । सुप्रोक्षितमस्तु शिवा आपः सन्तुवृद्धप्रपितामहक्रमेण ब्राह्मणहस्ते जलदानम् । गोत्रस्याक्षय्यमस्तु पितृब्राह्मणहस्ते उपतिष्टतामिति सतिजलदानम् ॥ १,२२०.
Then, water is offered to the gods and others; if a guest arrives, a guest śrāddha is performed. At this time, the scattering of offerings is done. After bowing to the ancestors beginning with the great-grandfather, the ancestral priest is addressed: 'Om, may it be tasted by you.' The mantra is recited: 'Om, to the ancestor of such-and-such lineage, my father, named such-and-such, together with his wife, this is your piṇḍa, and to those who follow you, svadhā; may the piṇḍa vessel be unbroken.' Then, after completing the resolve and the words for success, the piṇḍa is divided in two; reciting the two mantras 'ye samānāḥ sumanasaḥ,' the portions are placed in the vessels for the great-grandfather and the elders. After offering fragrance and other items to the piṇḍas, they are moved. The ancestral priest is addressed with the svadhā formula for the guest. The priests perform purification. After the meal, betel is given. May the water be well sprinkled; may it be auspicious. Water is given into the hands of the priest in order for the great-grandfather and elders. 'May the lineage be imperishable,' is said while offering water into the hands of the ancestral priest, with the words, 'May it be established.'
अघोराः पितरः सन्तु अस्त्वित्युक्ते स्वधां वाचयिण्य इति पितामाहदिब्राह्मणानुज्ञापनम् ॥ १,२२०.
When the words, 'May the ancestors be free from fear,' are spoken, the svadhā formula is recited, thus seeking the permission of the priests representing the great-grandfather and others.
ओं वाच्यतां इत्युक्ते ओं पितामहादिभ्यः स्वधोच्यताम् । अस्तु स्वधेत्युक्ते पितृब्राह्मण पितृभ्यः स्वधोच्यतामिति । अस्तु स्वधेत्युक्ते ओं ऊर्जं वहन्तीरिति दक्षिणाभिमुखवारिधारात्यागः । ओं विश्वेदेवा अस्मिन् यज्ञे प्रीयन्तामिति देवब्राह्मणहस्ते ओं यवोदकदानम् । ओं देवताभ्य इति त्रिर्जपः ॥ १,२२०.
When the words, 'Om, let it be spoken,' are said, the svadhā formula is recited for the great-grandfather and others. When 'Let there be svadhā' is spoken, the ancestral priest is asked to recite svadhā for the ancestors. When 'Let there be svadhā' is spoken, the mantra 'Om, carrying nourishment,' is recited, and water is poured facing south. The mantra 'Om, may all the gods be pleased with this sacrifice,' is recited, and barley-water is offered into the hands of the priest for the gods. The mantra 'Om, to the deities,' is recited three times.
पिण्डपात्राणि चालयित्वा आचम्य पितामहादिभ्यो दक्षिणां दत्त्वा ततः पितृ ब्राह्मणाय आशिषो मे प्रदीयन्तामित्याशीः प्रार्थनम् । प्रतिगृह्यतामित्युक्ते दातारो नोऽभिवर्धन्तामिति पात्रमुत्तानं कृत्वा वाजे वाजेदृविसर्जनम् । अभिरण्यतामिति पितृब्राह्मणविसर्जनम् ॥ १,२२०.
After moving the piṇḍa vessels and performing purification, gifts are given to the great-grandfather and others; then, to the ancestral priest, the request is made, 'May blessings be granted to me.' When 'May it be accepted' is spoken, the donor says, 'May the givers increase for us,' and the vessel is turned upright; in the sacrifice, the offering is made. 'May it be well sounded,' is said, and the ancestral priest is dismissed.
सपिण्डीकरणश्राद्धं व्यासप्रोक्तं मया तव । श्राद्धं विष्णुः श्राद्धकर्ता फलं श्राद्धादिकं हरिः ॥ १,२२०.
The sapiṇḍīkaraṇa śrāddha, as taught by Vyāsa, has been explained by me to you. Viṣṇu is the lord of śrāddha, the performer of śrāddha, and Hari is the giver of the fruit of śrāddha and related rites.
श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् २२१ ब्रहामोवाच । धर्मसारमहं वक्ष्ये संक्षेपाच्छुणु शङ्कर । भुक्तिमुक्तिप्रदं सूक्ष्मं सर्वपापविनाशनम् ॥ १,२२१.
Brahmā said: I will now briefly declare the essence of dharma; listen, O Śaṅkara. It grants both enjoyment and liberation, is subtle, and destroys all sins.
श्रुतं धर्मं बलं धैर्यं सुखमुत्साहमेव च । शोको हरति वै नॄणां तस्माच्छोकं परित्यजेत् ॥ १,२२१.
Learning, virtue, strength, courage, happiness, and enthusiasm—sorrow takes these away from people; therefore, one should abandon sorrow.
कर्मदाराः कर्मलोकाः कर्मसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः । कर्माणि प्रेरयन्तीह पुरुषं सुखदुः खयोः ॥ १,२२१.
Wives are gained by karma, worlds are gained by karma, relatives connected by karma; actions impel a person here to both happiness and suffering.
दानमे परो धर्मो दानात्सर्वमवाप्यते । दानाःत्स्वर्गश्च राज्यञ्च दद्याद्दनं ततो नरः ॥ १,२२१.
Charity is the highest dharma; by charity, everything is attained. Through charity, one gains heaven and sovereignty; therefore, a person should give.
एकतो दानमेवाहुः समग्रवरदक्षिणम् । एकतो भयभीतस्य प्राणिनः प्राणरक्षणम् ॥ १,२२१.
On one side is charity alone, with all the best gifts; on the other, the protection of the life of a frightened being.
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण यज्ञैः स्नानेन वा पुनः । धर्मस्य नाशका ये च ते वै निरयगामिनः ॥ १,२२१.
By austerity, by celibacy, by sacrifices, or by bathing, those who destroy dharma go to hell.
ये च होमजपस्नानदेवतार्चनतत्पराः । सत्यक्षमादयायुक्तास्ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः ॥ १,२२१.
Those who are devoted to oblations, recitation, bathing, and worship of deities, who are endowed with truth, forgiveness, and compassion—those people go to heaven.
न दाता सुखदुः खानां न च हर्तास्ति कश्चन । भुञ्जते स्वकृतान्येव दुः खानि च सुखानि च ॥ १,२२१.
There is no giver of happiness or suffering, nor is there any taker; people experience only the happiness and suffering they themselves have created.
धर्मार्थं जीवितं येषां दुर्गाण्यतितरन्ति ते । सन्तुष्टः को न शक्नोति फलमूलैश्च वर्तितुम् ॥ १,२२१.
Those whose lives are for dharma and wealth cross over difficulties; who, being content, cannot live on fruits and roots?
सर्व एव हि सौख्येन सङ्कटान्यवगाहते । इदमेव हि लोभस्य कार्यं स्या दतिदुष्करम् ॥ १,२२१.
Indeed, everyone passes through hardships with ease; this alone is the effect of greed, that giving becomes difficult.
लोभात्क्रोधः प्रभवति लोभाद्द्रोहः प्रवर्तते । लोभान्मोहश्च माया च मानो मत्सर एव च ॥ १,२२१.
From greed arises anger; from greed, hostility arises; from greed come delusion, deceit, pride, and envy.
रागद्वेषानृतक्रोधलोममोहमदोज्झितः । यः स शान्तः परं लोकं याति पापविवर्जितः ॥ १,२२१.
He who is free from passion, hatred, falsehood, anger, greed, delusion, and pride—he is tranquil and goes to the supreme world, devoid of sin.
देवता मुनयो नागा गन्धर्वा गुह्यका हर । धार्मिकं पूजयन्तीह न धनाढ्यं न कामिनम् ॥ १,२२१.
O Hara, here the gods, sages, serpents, gandharvas, and guhyakas honor the righteous, not the wealthy nor those filled with desire.
अनन्तबलवीर्येण प्रज्ञया पौरुषेण वा । अलभ्यं लभते मर्त्यस्तत्र का परिवेदना ॥ १,२२१.
By infinite strength and valor, by wisdom or by manliness, a mortal attains what is otherwise unattainable; so what cause is there for sorrow?
सर्वसत्त्वदयालुत्वं सर्वेन्द्रियविनिग्रहः । सर्वत्रानित्यबुद्धित्वं श्रेयः परमिदं स्मृतम् ॥ १,२२१.
Compassion toward all beings, control of all the senses, and the understanding that everything is impermanent—this is declared to be the highest good.
पश्यन्निवाग्रतो मृत्युं यो धर्मं नाचरेन्नरः । अजागलस्तनस्येव तस्य जन्म निरर्थकम् ॥ १,२२१.
If a man, seeing death before him, does not practice righteousness, his birth is as useless as the udder of a she-goat.
भ्रूणहा ब्रह्महा गोघ्नः पितृहा गुरुतल्पगः । भूमिं सर्वगुणोपेतां दत्त्वा पापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥ १,२२१.
One who kills a fetus, a brahmin, a cow, a father, or violates the teacher’s bed—by giving land endowed with all virtues, is freed from sins.