Garuda Purana

सौराष्ट्री मृत्तिकाक्षारं काक्षी वै पङ्कपर्पटी । विद्यात्समाक्षिकं धातु ताप्यं ताप्युत्थसम्भवम् ॥ १,२०४.

Saurāṣṭrī is the alkali from clay; kākṣī is known as paṅkaparpaṭī; samākṣika is a mineral, and tāpya is produced from tāpyuttha.

शिला मनः शिला ज्ञेया नेपाली कुलटीति च । आलं मनस्तालकं वा हरितालं विनिर्दिशेत् ॥ १,२०४.

Śilā and manaḥśilā are to be known, as well as nepālī and kulaṭī; āla or manastālaka is designated as haritāla.

गन्धको गन्धपाषाणो रसः पारद उच्यते । ताम्रमौदुम्बरं शुल्बं विद्यान्म्लेच्छमुखं तथा ॥ १,२०४.

Gandhaka is called gandhapāṣāṇa; rasa is known as mercury; tāmramaudumbara and śulba are also mentioned, as is mlecchamukha.

अद्रिसारस्त्वयस्तीक्ष्णं लोहकञ्चापि कथ्यते । माक्षिकं मधु च क्षौद्रं तच्च पुष्परसं स्मृतम् ॥ १,२०४.

Adrisāra is sharp iron, also called lohakañca; mākṣika, madhu, and kṣaudra are all considered the essence of flowers.

ज्येष्ठन्तु सोदकं तत्स्यात्काञ्जिकन्तु सुवीरकम् । सीता सितोपला चैव मत्स्यण्डीशर्करा स्मृता ॥ १,२०४.

Jyeṣṭha with water is called kāñjika, and suvīraka; sītā, sitopalā, and matsyaṇḍī are known as types of sugar.

त्वगेलापत्रकैस्तुल्यैस्त्रिसुगन्धि त्रिजातकम् । नागकेशरसंयुक्तं तच्चतुर्जातमिष्यते ॥ १,२०४.

Twag, elā, and patraka in equal measure form trisugandhi, called trijātaka; when combined with nāgakeśara, it is called caturjāta.

पिप्पली पिप्पलीमूलं चव्यचित्रकनागरैः । कथितं पञ्चकोलञ्च कोलकं कोलसंज्ञया ॥ १,२०४.

Pippalī, pippalī root, cavyā, citraka, and nāgara are described; pañcakola is so named, and kolaka is another name for it.

प्रियङ्गुः कङ्गुका ज्ञेया कोरदूषश्च कोद्रवः । त्रिपुटः पुटसंज्ञश्च कलापो लङ्गको मतः ॥ १,२०४.

Priyaṅgu is known as kaṅgukā, and koradūṣa as kodrava; tripuṭa is called puṭa, and kalāpa is considered laṅgaka.

सतीनो वर्तुलश्चैव वेणुश्चापि प्रकीर्तितः । पिचुकं पितलं चाक्षं बिडालपदकं तथा ॥ १,२०४.

Satīna and vartula are mentioned, as well as veṇu; picuka, pitala, cākṣa, and biḍālapadaka are also named.

विद्यात्कर्षं तथा चापि सुवर्णं कवलग्रहम् । पलार्धं शुक्तिमिच्छन्ति तथाष्टौमाषकास्त्विति ॥ १,२०४.

One should know that a karṣa is a measure, and so is suvarṇa; kavalagraha is another; half a pala is called śukti, and eight māṣakas are also recognized.

पलं बिल्वञ्च मुष्टिः स्याद्द्वे पले प्रसृतिं वदेत् । अञ्जलिं कुडवञ्चैव विद्यात्पलचतुष्टयम् ॥ १,२०४.

A pala is a bilva, a muṣṭi is equal to two palas, and prasṛti is also said to be two palas; añjali and kuḍava are known as four palas each.

अष्टमानं पलान्यष्टौ तच्च मानमिति स्मृतम् । चतुर्भिः कुडवैः प्रस्थ प्रस्थाश्चत्वार आढकः ॥ १,२०४.

Eight palas make one aṣṭamāna; this is known as a standard measure. Four kuḍavas make a prastha, and four prasthas make an āḍhaka.

काशपात्रञ्च संप्रोक्तो द्रोणश्चचतुराढके । तुला पलशतं प्रोक्तं भागो विंशत्पलः स्मृतः ॥ १,२०४.

A kāśa vessel is also mentioned, and a droṇa is equal to four āḍhakas. A tulā is said to be one hundred palas, and a bhāga is considered to be twenty palas.

मानमेवं विधं प्रोक्तं प्रस्थद्रव्येषु पण्डितैः । द्रवद्रव्येषु चोद्दिष्टं द्विगुणं परिकीर्तितम् ॥ १,२०४.

Thus, the system of measurement for prastha substances is described by the learned; for liquid substances, it is stated to be twice as much.

भद्रदारु देवकाष्ठं दारु स्याद्देवदारुकम् । कुष्ठमामयमाख्यातं मांसीञ्च नलदंशनम् ॥ १,२०४.

Bhadradāru is divine wood; dāru is called devadāru. Kuṣṭha is known as a medicinal plant, and māṃsī is nalada root.

शङ्खः शुक्तिनखः शङ्खो व्याघ्रो व्याघ्रनखः स्मृतः । पुरं पलङ्कषं विद्यान्महिषाक्षञ्च गुग्गुलुः ॥ १,२०४.

Śaṅkha is conch shell, śukti is oyster shell, nakha is nail; śaṅkha is also called conch. Vyāghra is tiger, vyāghranakha is tiger's claw. Pura is palaṅkaṣa, and mahiṣākṣa is guggulu.

रसो गन्धरसो बोले सर्जः सर्जरसो मतः । प्रियङ्गुः फलिनी श्यामा गौरी कान्तेति चोच्यते ॥ १,२०४.

Rasa is mercury, gandharasa is bole (a kind of earth), sarja is the resin of the sarja tree. Priyaṅgu, phalinī, śyāmā, and gaurī are also named as medicinal plants.

करञ्जौ नक्तमालः स्यात्पूतिकश्चिरबिल्वकः । शिग्रुः शोभाञ्जनो नाम ज्ञानमानश्च कीर्तितः ॥ १,२०४.

Karañja and naktamāla are mentioned, pūtika and cirabilva as well. Śigru is also called śobhāñjana, and jñānamāna is so named.

जया जयन्ती शरणी निर्गुण्डी सिन्धुवारकः । मोरटा पीलुपर्णो च तुण्डी स्यात्तुण्डिकेरिका ॥ १,२०४.

Jayā, jayantī, śaraṇī, nirguṇḍī, and sindhuvāra are named. Moraṭā, pīluparṇa, and tuṇḍī are also called tuṇḍikerikā.

मदनो गालवो बोधो घोटा घोटी च कथ्यते । चतुरङ्गुल सम्पाको व्याधिघाताभिसंज्ञकः ॥ १,२०४.

Madana, gālava, bodha, ghoṭā, and ghoṭī are mentioned. The preparation called caturaṅgula is known as vyādhighāta.

विद्यादारग्वधं राजवृक्षं रैवतसंज्ञकम् । दन्ती काकेन्दुतिक्ता स्यात्कण्टकी च विकङ्कतः ॥ १,२०४.

One should know that āragvadha is called rājavṛkṣa and also raivata. Dantī, kākendu-tiktā, kaṇṭakī, and vikaṅkata are also named.

निम्बोऽरिष्टः समाख्यातः पटोलं कोलकं विदुः । वयस्था च विशल्या च च्छिन्ना छिन्नरुहा मता ॥ १,२०४.

Nimba is called ariṣṭa, and paṭola is known as kolaka. Vayasthā and viśalyā are also called chinnā and chinnaruhā.

वशा दन्त्यमृता चेति गुडूचीनामसंग्रहः । किराततिक्तकश्चैव भूनिम्बः काण्डतिक्तकः ॥ १,२०४.

Vaśā and dantyamṛtā are names for guḍūcī. Kirātatiktaka, bhūnimba, and kāṇḍatiktaka are also included.

सूत उवाच । नामान्येतानि च हरे वन्यानां भेषजां तथा । अतो व्याकरणं वक्ष्ये कुमारोक्तञ्च शौनक ॥ १,२०४.

Sūta said: These are the names, O Hari, of wild medicinal plants. Now I will explain the grammar, as spoken by Kumāra to Śaunaka.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् २०५ कुमार उवाच । अथ व्याकरणं वक्ष्ये कात्यायन समासतः । सिद्धशब्दविवेकाय बालव्युत्पत्तिहेतवे ॥ १,२०५.

Kumāra said: Now I will explain the grammar, O Kātyāyana, in summary, for the discernment of established words and for the instruction of children.

सुप्तिङन्तं पदं ख्यातं सुपः सप्त विभक्तयः । स्वौजसः प्रथमा प्रोक्ता सा प्रातिपदिकात्मके ॥ १,२०५.

A word ending with a sup or tiṅ is called a pada. 'Sup' refers to the seven cases; 'svaujasaḥ' is called the first case, which is inherent in the base word.

सम्बोधने च लिङ्गादावुक्ते कर्मणि कर्तरि । अर्थवत्प्रातिपदिकं धातुप्रत्ययवर्जितम् ॥ १,२०५.

In the vocative, as well as in gender and other contexts, when the agent or object is not expressed, a meaningful base word, devoid of verbal suffixes, is used.

अमौशसो द्वितीया स्यात्तत्कर्म क्रियते च यत् । द्वितीया कर्मणि प्रोक्तान्तरान्तरेण संयुते ॥ १,२०५.

'Amauśasaḥ' is the second case, used for the object of an action; the second case is stated for the object, especially when joined with another.

टाभ्यांभिसस्तृतीया स्यात्करणे कर्तरीरिता । येन क्रियते करणं तत्कर्ता यः करोति सः ॥ १,२०५.

'Ṭābhyāṃbhis' is the third case, used for the instrument or agent. That by which an action is done is the instrument; the one who does it is the agent.