Garuda Purana

हेतुलक्षणसंसर्गाद्विद्याद्व्याधिं द्विदोषजम् । सर्वहेतुसमुत्पन्नं त्रिलिङ्गं सान्निपातिकम् ॥ १,१६८.

From the combination of causes and symptoms, one should recognize a disease arising from two humors; when all causes are present, it is triple-marked and called sannipātika.

दोषधातुमलाधारो देहिनां देह उच्यते । तेषां समत्वमारोग्यं क्षयवृद्धेर्विपर्ययः ॥ १,१६८.

The body is said to be the support of humors, tissues, and wastes; their balance is health, while their decrease or increase is the opposite.

वसासृङ्मांसमेदोऽस्थिमज्जाशुक्राणि धातवः । वातपित्तकफा दोषा विण्मूत्राद्या मलाः स्मृताः ॥ १,१६८.

Fat, blood, flesh, marrow, bone, and semen are the tissues; wind, bile, and phlegm are the humors; feces, urine, and others are considered wastes.

वायुः शीतो लघुः सूक्ष्मः स्वरनाशीस्थिरो बली । पित्तमम्लकटूष्णञ्चापङ्क्ती रोगकारणम् ॥ १,१६८.

Wind is cold, light, subtle, causes loss of voice, steady, and strong; bile is sour, pungent, hot, and foul-smelling, and is the cause of disease.

मधुरो लवणः स्निग्धो गुरुः श्लेषमातिपिच्छिलः । गुदश्रोण्याश्रयो वायुः पित्तं पक्वाशयस्थितम् ॥ १,१६८.

Sweet, salty, unctuous, heavy, and very slimy is phlegm; wind resides in the rectum and hips, bile is situated in the colon.

कफस्यामाशयस्थानं कण्ठो वा मूर्धसन्धयः । कटुतिक्तकषायाश्च कोपयन्ति समीरणम् ॥ १,१६८.

The seat of phlegm is the stomach, or the throat and joints of the head; pungent, bitter, and astringent tastes provoke wind.

कट्वम्ललवणाः पित्तं स्वादूष्णलवणाः कफम् । एत एव विपर्यस्ताः शमायैषां प्रयोजिताः । भवन्ति रोगिणां शान्त्यै स्वस्थाने सुखहेतवः ॥ १,१६८.

Pungent, sour, and salty tastes increase bile; sweet, hot, and salty increase phlegm; these, when used oppositely, bring their pacification, and for the sick, their calming, while in the healthy, they are causes of well-being.

चक्षुष्यो मधुरो ज्ञेयो रसधातुविवह्द्धनः । अम्लोत्तरो मनोहृद्यं तथा दीपनपाचनम् ॥ १,१६८.

Sweet taste is known to be good for the eyes and increases the tissue fluids; sour, when predominant, is pleasing to the mind and heart, and also stimulates digestion.

दीपनोज्वरतृष्णाघ्नस्तिक्तः शोधनशोषणः । पित्तलो लेखन स्तम्भी कषायो ग्राहिशोषणः ॥ १,१६८.

Bitter stimulates digestion, destroys fever and thirst, purifies and dries; astringent is bile-reducing, scraping, constricting, absorbent, and drying.

रसवीर्यविपाकानामाश्रयं द्रव्यमुत्तमम् । रसपाकान्तरस्थायि सर्वद्रव्याश्रयं द्रुतम् ॥ १,१६८.

The substance is the primary support of taste, potency, and post-digestive effect; it remains stable through the transformation of taste, and is the quick support of all substances.

शीतोष्णं लवणं वीर्यमथ वा शक्तिरिष्यते । रसानां द्विविधः पाको कटुरेव च ॥ १,१६८.

Potency is considered to be either cold, hot, or salty; the transformation of tastes is twofold, and especially pungent.

भिषग्भेषजरोगार्तपरिचारकसम्पदः । चिकित्साङ्गानिचत्वारि विपरीतान्यसिद्धये ॥ १,१६८.

The four limbs of treatment are: physician, medicine, patient, and attendant; if any are contrary, success is not achieved.

देशकालवयोवह्निसाम्यप्रकृतिभेषजम् । देहसत्त्वबलव्याधीन्बुद्ध्वा कर्म समाचरेत् ॥ १,१६८.

Having understood the region, season, age, digestive fire, constitution, and medicine, as well as the body, mind, strength, and diseases, one should perform the treatment.

संसृष्टलक्षणोपेतो देशः साधारणः स्मृतः । बाल आ षोडशान्मध्यः सप्ततेर्वृद्ध उच्यते ॥ १,१६८.

The region with mixed characteristics is called common; childhood is up to sixteen, middle age up to seventy, and after that is called old age.

कफपित्तानिलाः प्रायो यथाक्रममुदीरिताः । क्षाराग्निशस्त्ररहिता क्षीणे प्रवयसि क्रियाः ॥ १,१६८.

Phlegm, bile, and wind generally manifest in order; treatments without alkali, fire, or surgery are prescribed in advanced age.

कृशस्य वृंहणं कार्यंस्थूलदेहस्य कर्षणम् । रक्षणं मध्यकायस्य देहभेदास्त्रयो मताः ॥ १,१६८.

For the emaciated, nourishing therapy is to be done; for the obese, reducing therapy; for those of medium build, protection—these are considered the three types of bodies.

स्थैर्यव्यायामसन्तोषैर्बोद्धव्यं यत्नतो बलम् । अविकारी महोत्साहो महासाहसिको नरः ॥ १,१६८.

Strength should be carefully understood by firmness, exercise, and contentment; a man who is unchanging, highly energetic, and very courageous.

पानाहारादयो यस्य विरुद्धाः प्रकृतेरपि । श्वसुखायोपकल्प्यन्ते तत्साम्यमिति कथ्यते ॥ १,१६८.

When a person's food and drink are contrary even to their own nature, yet are adopted for their own comfort, this is said to be the state of equilibrium.

गर्भिण्याः श्लैष्मिकैर्भक्ष्यैः श्लैष्मिको जायते नरः । वातलैः पित्तलैस्तद्वत्समधातुर्हिताशनात् ॥ १,१६८.

If a pregnant woman eats foods that increase phlegm, a child with a phlegmatic constitution is born; likewise, with foods that increase wind or bile, or with balanced nourishment, the child's constitution follows accordingly.

कृशो रूक्षोऽल्पकेशश्च चलचित्तो नरः स्थितः । बहुवाक्यरतः स्वप्नेवातप्रकृतिको नरः ॥ १,१६८.

A person who is thin, dry, with scant hair, unstable mind, fond of much talking, and who in dreams sees movement, is said to have a windy nature.

अकालपलितो गौरः प्रस्वेदी कोपनो बुधः । स्वप्नेऽपि दीप्तिमत्प्रेक्षी पित्तप्रकृतिरुच्यते ॥ १,१६८.

One who is prematurely gray, fair-skinned, sweats easily, quick to anger, intelligent, and who in dreams sees radiant things, is said to have a bilious nature.

स्थिरचित्तः स्वरः सूक्ष्मः प्रसन्नः स्निग्धमूर्धजः । स्वप्ने जलशिलालोकी श्लेष्म प्रकृतिको नरः ॥ १,१६८.

A person with a steady mind, gentle voice, clear and pleasant, with smooth hair, and who in dreams sees water or stones, is said to have a phlegmatic nature.

संमिश्रलक्षणैर्ज्ञेयो द्वित्रिदोषान्वयो नरः । दोषस्येतरसद्भावेऽप्यधिका प्रकृतिः स्मृताः ॥ १,१६८.

A person should be known as having a mixed constitution when the signs of two or three humors are present; but if one humor is predominant even when others exist, that is called the main constitution.

मन्दस्तीक्ष्णोऽथ विषमः समश्चैति चतुर्विधाः । कफपित्तानिलाधिक्यात्तत्साम्याज्जाठरोऽनलः ॥ १,१६८.

The digestive fire is of four kinds: weak, sharp, irregular, and balanced, arising from the predominance of phlegm, bile, wind, or their equilibrium.

समस्य पालनं कार्यं विषमे वातनिग्रहः । तीक्ष्णे पित्तप्रतीकारो मन्दे श्लेष्मविशोधनम् ॥ १,१६८.

In the balanced type, maintenance is required; in the irregular, wind should be subdued; in the sharp, measures against bile; in the weak, purification of phlegm.

प्रभवः सर्वरोगाणामजीर्णं चाग्निनाशनम् । आमाम्लरसविष्टम्भ लक्षणन्तच्चतुर्विधम् ॥ १,१६८.

The root of all diseases is indigestion, which destroys the digestive fire; its signs are heaviness, sourness, and obstruction, and these are of four types.

आमाद्विषूचिका चैव हृदालस्यादयस्तथा । वचालवणतोयेन छर्दनं तत्र कारयेत् ॥ १,१६८.

From indigestion arise cholera and heart fatigue, among others; in such cases, vomiting should be induced with vacā, salt, and water.

शुक्राभावो भ्रमो मूर्छा तर्षोऽम्लात्संप्रवर्तते । अपक्वं तत्र शीताम्बुपानं वातनिषेवणम् ॥ १,१६८.

From sourness arise loss of semen, dizziness, fainting, and thirst; in such cases, drinking cold water and using remedies for wind are prescribed.

गात्रभङ्गं शिरोजाड्यं भक्तदोषादयो गदान् । तस्मिन्स्वापो दिवा कार्योलङ्घनं च विवर्जनम् ॥ १,१६८.

Fracture of the limbs, heaviness of the head, and disorders from improper food are ailments where daytime sleep should be avoided and fasting observed.