Garuda Purana

आघातेन च शस्त्रादिच्छेदभेदक्षतादिभिः । हिमानिलैर्दध्यनिलैर्भल्लातकपिकच्छजैः ॥ १,१६२.

Swelling may also arise from trauma, cuts, wounds, cold wind, sour wind, or from the effects of bhallātaka and kapikacchu plants.

रसैः शुष्कैश्च संस्पर्शाच्छ्वयथुः स्याद्विसर्पवान् । भृशोष्मा लोहिताभासः प्रायशः पित्तलक्षणः ॥ १,१६२.

Swelling may result from contact with pungent or dry substances, and is accompanied by spreading inflammation, intense heat, a reddish appearance, and often shows symptoms of bile.

विषजः सविषप्राणिपरिसर्पणमूत्रणात् । दंष्ट्रादन्तनखाघातादविषप्राणिनामपि ॥ १,१६२.

Swelling caused by poison arises from the bite, scratch, or contact with venomous creatures, and even from non-venomous animals.

विण्मूत्रशुक्रोपहतमलवद्वस्तुसंङ्करात् । विषवृक्षानिलस्पर्शाद्गरयोगावचूर्णनात् ॥ १,१६२.

It may also result from contamination by feces, urine, semen, or other impure substances, from contact with poisonous plants or winds, or from the use of toxic powders.

मृदुश्चलोऽवलम्बी च शीघ्रो दाहरुजाकरः । नवोऽनुपद्रवः शोथः साध्योऽसाध्यः पुरेरितः ॥ १,१६२.

Such swelling is soft, mobile, drooping, quick to cause burning and pain, recent, without complications, and is considered either curable or incurable according to tradition.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् १६३ धन्वन्तीररुवाच । विसर्पादिनिदानन्ते वक्ष्ये सुश्रुत तच्छृणु । स्याद्विसर्पो विघातात्तु दोषैर्दुष्टैश्च शोथवत् ॥ १,१६३.

Dhanvantari said: Now I will explain the causes of spreading diseases like visarpa; listen, O Suśruta. Visarpa arises from injury and from corrupted humors, similar to swelling.

अधिष्ठानञ्च तं प्राहुर्बाह्यं तत्र भयाच्छ्रमात् । यथात्तरञ्च दुः साध्यस्तत्र दोषो यथायथम् ॥ १,१६३.

Its location is said to be external, and there, due to fear or exhaustion, it becomes more severe; its difficulty of cure depends on the specific humor involved.

प्रकोपनैः प्रकुपिता विशेषेण विदाहिभिः । देहे शीघ्रं विशन्तीह तेऽन्तरे हि स्थिता बहिः ॥ १,१६३.

When aggravated by specific irritants, the humors quickly enter the body, either remaining inside or manifesting externally.

तृष्णाभियोगाद्वेगानां विषमाच्च प्रवर्तनात् । आशु चाग्निबलभ्रंशादतो बाह्यं विसर्पयेत् ॥ १,१६३.

Due to excessive thirst, disturbances of the urges, and irregular activity, and from a sudden loss of digestive fire, the disease spreads externally.

तत्र वातात्स वीसर्पो वातज्वरसमव्यथः । शोथस्फुरणनिस्तोदभेदायासार्तिहर्षवान् ॥ १,१६३.

When caused by wind, visarpa is accompanied by symptoms similar to wind-fever: swelling, throbbing, piercing pain, fatigue, and a sense of exhilaration.

पित्ताद्द्रुतगतिः पित्तज्वरलिङ्गोऽतिलोहितः । कफात्कण्डूयुतः स्निग्धः कफज्वरसमानरुक् ॥ १,१६३.

When caused by bile, it spreads rapidly, has symptoms of bile-fever, and is intensely red; when caused by phlegm, it is itchy, oily, and has symptoms similar to phlegm-fever.

सन्निपातसमुत्थाश्च सर्वलिङ्गसमन्विताः । स्वदोषलिङ्गैश्चीयन्ते सर्वैः स्फोटैरुपेक्षिताः । तेऽपि स्वेदान्विमुञ्चति बिभ्रतो व्रणलक्षणम् ॥ १,१६३.

Arising from the convergence of factors and marked by all signs, they accumulate with their own distinctive symptoms, disregarded by all eruptions; even so, they release sweat, bearing the characteristics of wounds.

वातपित्ताज्ज्वरच्छर्दिमूर्छातीसारतृड्भ्रमैः । गन्थिभेदाग्निसदनतमकारोचकैर्युतः ॥ १,१६३.

Accompanied by fever, vomiting, fainting, diarrhea, thirst, dizziness, swelling rupture, loss of appetite, darkness, and tastelessness, caused by wind and bile.

करोति सर्वमङ्गञ्च दीप्ताङ्गारावकीर्णवत् । यंयं देशं विसर्पश्च विसर्पति भवेत्ससः ॥ १,१६३.

It affects all limbs, like glowing embers scattered; wherever the spreading occurs, it spreads in that region.

शान्ताङ्गारासितो नीलो रक्तो वासु च चीयते । अग्निदग्ध इव स्फोटैः शीघ्रगत्वाद्द्रुतं स च ॥ १,१६३.

When the embers are extinguished, it becomes black, blue, or red, and accumulates; as if burned by fire, with eruptions, it moves swiftly and rapidly.

मर्मानुसारी वीसर्पः स्याद्वातोऽतिबलस्ततः । व्यथतेऽङ्गं हरेत्संज्ञां निद्राञ्च श्वासमीरयेत् ॥ १,१६३.

When the spreading follows the vital spots and wind is exceedingly strong, it causes pain in the limbs, takes away consciousness, induces sleep, and produces breathlessness.

हिक्काञ्च स गतोऽवस्थामीदृशीं लभते नरः । क्वचिन्मर्मारतिग्रस्तो भूमिशय्यासनादिषु ॥ १,१६३.

Hiccups arise, and the person attains such a condition; sometimes, afflicted in the vital spots, he lies on the ground, bed, or seat.

चेष्टमानस्ततः क्लिष्टो मनोदेहप्रमोहवान् । दुष्प्रबोधोऽश्नुते निद्रां सोऽग्निवीसर्प उच्यते ॥ १,१६३.

Then, struggling, he is distressed, afflicted with confusion of mind and body, difficult to awaken from sleep; this is called fiery spreading.

कफेन रुद्धः पवनो भित्त्वातं बहुधा कफम् । रक्तं वा वृद्धरक्तस्य त्वक्छिरास्नायुमांसगम् ॥ १,१६३.

When wind is obstructed by phlegm, it breaks through the phlegm in many ways, or blood, and in the case of increased blood, it affects skin, veins, tendons, and flesh.

दूषयित्वा तु दीर्घानुवृत्तस्थूलखरात्मिकाम् । ग्रन्थीनां कुरुते मालां सरक्तान्तीव्ररुग्ज्वराम् ॥ १,१६३.

Having corrupted them, it forms a long, thick, rough chain of nodules, with intense pain and fever, all suffused with blood.

श्वासकासातिसारास्यशोषहिक्कावमिभ्रमैः । मोहवैवर्ण्यमूर्छाङ्गभङ्गग्निसदनैर्युताम् । इत्ययं ग्रन्थिवीसर्पः कफमारुतकोपजः ॥ १,१६३.

Accompanied by breathlessness, cough, diarrhea, dryness of mouth, hiccups, vomiting, dizziness, confusion, discoloration, fainting, limb-breaking, and loss of appetite; this is nodular spreading, arising from the aggravation of phlegm and wind.

कफपित्ताज्ज्वरः स्तम्भो निद्रा तन्द्रा शिरोरुजा । अङ्गावसादविक्षेंपौ प्रलापारोचकभ्रमाः ॥ १,१६३.

From phlegm and bile arise fever, stiffness, sleep, drowsiness, headache, weakness and trembling of limbs, delirium, loss of appetite, and dizziness.

मूर्छाग्निहानिर्भेदोऽस्थ्नां पिपासेन्द्रियगौरवम् । आमोपवेशनं लेपः स्रोतसां स च सर्पति ॥ १,१६३.

Fainting, loss of digestive fire, breaking of bones, thirst, heaviness of the senses, accumulation of impurities, and coating; it spreads through the channels.

प्रायेणामाशयं गृह्णन्नेकदेशं न चातिरुक् । पीडकैरवकीर्णोऽतिपीतलोहितपाण्डुरैः ॥ १,१६३.

Usually affecting the stomach, not excessively painful in one place, covered with pustules, extremely yellow, red, or pale.

स्निध्नोऽसितो मेचकाभो मलिनः शोथवान्गुरुः । गम्भीरपाकः प्रायोष्मस्पृष्टः क्लिन्नोंऽवदीर्यते ॥ १,१६३.

Sticky, black, resembling soot, dirty, swollen, heavy; deep maturation, mostly moist when touched by heat, it bursts open.

पक्ववच्छीर्णमांसश्च स्पष्टस्नायुशिरागणः । सर्वगो लक्षणैः सर्वेः सर्वगत्वक्समर्पणः । शवगन्धी च वीसर्पः कर्दमाख्यमुशन्ति तम् ॥ १,१६३.

Like ripened flesh, with exposed tendons and veins, affecting all parts with all symptoms, spreading everywhere, emitting the smell of a corpse; this spreading is called 'muddy'.

बाह्यहेतोः क्षतात्क्रुद्ध्वः सरक्तं पित्तमीरयन् । वीसर्पं मारुतः कुर्यात्कुलत्थसदृशैश्चितम् ॥ १,१६३.

Due to external causes, from injury, agitated blood and bile, wind produces spreading, marked by nodules resembling horse gram.

स्फोटैः शोथज्वररुजादाहाढ्यं श्यावशोणितम् । पथग्दोषैस्त्रयः साध्या द्वन्द्वजाश्चानुपद्रवाः ॥ १,१६३.

With eruptions, swelling, fever, pain, burning, dark blood; the three pathologies caused by the channels are curable, and those arising from dual causes are without complications.

असाध्याः कृतसर्वोत्थाः सर्वे चाक्रान्तमर्मणः । शीर्णस्नायुशिरामांसाः क्लिन्नाश्चशवगन्धयः ॥ १,१६३.

Incurable are those arising from all causes, and those that invade the vital spots; with ruptured tendons, veins, flesh, moist, and emitting the smell of a corpse.