Garuda Purana

मूत्रोत्सर्गं सविच्छिन्नं तच्छ्रेयो गुरुशेफसोः । अन्तर्वस्ति मुखे तृष्णा स्थिराल्पं सहसा भवेत् ॥ १,१५८.

The passage of urine is interrupted; this is better in those with large genitals; at the mouth of the inner bladder, there is thirst, and the flow is steady but scanty and sudden.

अश्मरीतुल्यरुग्ग्रन्थिर्मूत्रग्रन्थिः स उच्यते । मूत्रितस्य स्त्रियं यातो वायुना शुक्रमुद्धृतम् ॥ १,१५८.

A knot with pain like a stone is called a urinary knot; in one who has urinated or had intercourse with a woman, the wind draws up the semen.

स्थानाच्च्युतं मूत्रयतः प्राक्पश्चाद्वा प्रवर्तते । भस्मोदकप्रतीकाशं मूत्रशुक्रं तदुच्यते ॥ १,१५८.

When, having urinated, the semen is displaced from its place, it comes out before or after; this semen in the urine is said to resemble ash-water.

रूक्षदुर्बलयोर्वातेनोदावर्तं शकृद्यदा । मूत्रस्रोतोऽनुपर्येति संसृष्टं शकृता तदा ॥ १,१५८.

When wind acts upon the rough and weak, causing a reversal in the feces, and the urinary channel is obstructed, then the feces become mixed together.

मूत्रबिन्दुं तुल्यगन्धं स्याद्विघातं तमादिशेत् । पित्तव्यायामतीक्ष्णाम्लभोजनाध्मानकादिभिः ॥ १,१५८.

One should recognize obstruction when the urine drop has a similar odor, caused by bile, exertion, sharp and sour foods, bloating, and the like.

प्रवृद्धवायुना मूत्रे वस्तिस्थे चैव दाहकृत् । मूत्रं वर्तयते पूर्वं सरक्तं रक्तमेव वा ॥ १,१५८.

When wind increases, it produces burning in the bladder and urine, and the urine first appears bloody or entirely blood-colored.

उष्णं पुनः पुनः कृच्छ्रादुष्णवातं वदन्ति तम् । रूक्षस्य क्लान्तदेहस्य बस्तिस्थौ पित्तमारुतौ ॥ १,१५८.

Repeatedly, the urine is hot and difficult to pass; this is called hot wind, occurring when bile and wind reside in the bladder of a body exhausted and rough.

मूत्रक्षयं सरुग्दाहं जनयेतां तदाह्वयम् । पित्तं कफो द्वादपि वा संहन्येतेनिलेनचेत् ॥ १,१५८.

They cause depletion of urine and severe burning, which is called by that name; whether bile, phlegm, or both, they are overcome by wind.

कृच्छ्रान्मूत्रं तदा पीतं रक्तं श्वेतं घनं सृजेत् । सदाहं रोचनाशङ्खचूर्णवर्णं भवेच्च तत् ॥ १,१५८.

Then, with difficulty, the urine is passed yellow, red, white, or thick, always with burning, and its color resembles rocanā, conch, or powder.

शुष्कं समस्तवर्णं वा मूत्रसादं वदन्तितम् । इति विस्तारतः प्रोक्ता रोगा मूत्रप्रवर्तिताः ॥ १,१५८.

When the urine is dry or of all colors, it is called urinary weakness; thus, diseases arising from urine have been described in detail.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् १५९ धन्वन्वरिरुवाच । प्रमेहाणां निदानन्ते वक्ष्येऽहं शृणु सुश्रुत ! । प्रमेहा विंशतिस्तत्र श्लेष्मणो दश पित्ततः ॥ १,१५९.

Dhanvantari spoke: Now I will explain the causes of prameha; listen, Suśruta! There are twenty types of prameha: ten from phlegm, and from bile.

षट्चत्वारोऽनिलात्तेच मेदोमत्रकफावहाः । हारिद्रमेही कटुकं हरिद्रासन्निभं शकृत् ॥ १,१५९.

Four and six arise from wind, and those caused by fat, marrow, and phlegm. Haridramehī is pungent, resembling turmeric, and the feces are similar.

विस्त्रं माञ्जिष्ठमेहेच मञ्जिष्ठा सलिलोपमम् । विस्त्रमुष्णं सलवणं रक्ताभ रक्तमेहतः ॥ १,१५९.

Vistraṃ māñjiṣṭhameheca: Mañjiṣṭhā is like water; vistra is hot, salty, and reddish, and raktamehataḥ is urine with a blood-like hue.

वसामेही वसामिश्रं वसाभं मूत्रयेन्मुहुः । मज्जाभं मज्जमिश्रं वा मज्जमेही मुहुर्मुहुः ॥ १,१५९.

Vasāmehī passes urine mixed with fat, resembling fat, repeatedly; majjāmehī passes urine mixed with marrow, resembling marrow, again and again.

हस्ती मत्त इवाजस्त्रं मूत्रं वेगविवर्जितम् । सलसीकं विवद्धं च हस्तिमेही प्रमेहति ॥ १,१५९.

Hastī matta ivājastraṃ: The urine flows without force, thick and sticky, and the elephant-like prameha is so named.

मधुमेही मधुसमं जायते स किल द्विधा । क्रुद्धे धातुक्षयाद्वायौ दोषावृतपथे यदा ॥ १,१५९.

Madhumehī: The urine becomes like honey, and it is of two kinds, arising from the anger of the elements, depletion of tissues, or when wind obstructs the channels.

आवृतो दोषलिङ्गानि सोऽनिमित्तं प्रदर्शयेत् । क्षणात्क्षीणः क्षणात्पूर्णो भजते कृच्छ्रसाघ्यताम् ॥ १,१५९.

When obstructed, the signs of the doshas appear without cause; sometimes depleted, sometimes full, it becomes difficult and slow to cure.

कालेनोपेक्षितः सर्वोह्यायाति मधुमेहताम् । मधुरं यच्च मेहेषु प्रायो मध्विव मेहति ॥ १,१५९.

When neglected over time, all become madhumeha; among the pramehas, the urine is generally sweet, like honey.

सर्वे ते मधुमेहाख्या माधुर्याच्च तनोर्यतः । अविपाकोऽरुचिश्छर्दिर्निद्रा कासः सपीनसः ॥ १,१५९.

All these are called madhumeha because of the sweetness in the body; indigestion, loss of taste, vomiting, insomnia, cough, and nasal congestion arise.

उपद्रवाः प्रजायन्ते मेहानां कफजन्मनाम् । बस्तिमेहनयोस्तोदोमुष्कावदरणं ज्वरः ॥ १,१५९.

Complications occur in pramehas born of phlegm: pain in the bladder and penis, scrotal swelling, and fever.

दाहस्तृष्णाम्लिका मूर्छा विड्भेदः पित्तजन्मनाम् । वातजानामुदावर्तः कम्पहृद्गहलोलताः ॥ १,१५९.

Burning, thirst, sourness, fainting, and diarrhea arise in those born of bile; in those born of wind, reversal, trembling, heart pain, and restlessness occur.

शूलमुन्निद्राता शोषः श्वासः कासञ्च जायते । शराविका कच्छपिका ज्वालिनी विनतालजी ॥ १,१५९.

From the rising of the trident (śūla), there arise dryness, breathlessness, and coughing; the conditions called śarāvikā, kacchapikā, jvālinī, and vinatālajī also manifest.

मसूरिका सर्षपिका पुत्रिणी सविदारिका । विद्रधिश्चेति पिडिकाः प्रमेहोपेक्षया दश ॥ १,१५९.

Masūrikā, sarṣapikā, putriṇī, and savidārikā, along with vidradhi—these ten types of eruptions (piḍikāḥ) occur as a result of neglecting prameha.

अन्नस्य कफसंश्लेषात्प्रायस्तत्र प्रवर्तनम् । स्वाद्वम्ललवणस्निग्धगुरुपिच्छिलशीतम् ॥ १,१५९.

Due to the admixture of kapha in food, there is generally the onset of these conditions; especially with sweet, sour, salty, unctuous, heavy, slimy, and cold foods.

नवं धान्यं सुरासूपमांसेक्षुगुडगोरसम् । एकस्थानासनवति शयनं विनिवर्तनम् ॥ १,१५९.

New grains, wine, soups, meat, sugarcane, jaggery, and milk products, as well as sitting in one place and lying down—these should be avoided.

बस्तिमाश्रित्य कुरुते प्रमेहाद्दूषितः कफः । दूषयित्वा वपुः क्लेदं स्वेदमेदोवसामिषम् ॥ १,१५९.

Kapha, corrupted by prameha, settles in the bladder; after corrupting the body, it affects moisture, sweat, fat, marrow, and flesh.

पित्तं रक्तमतिक्षीणे कफादौ मूत्रसंश्रयम् । धातुं बस्तिमुपानीय तत्क्षयेच्चैव मारुतः ॥ १,१५९.

When pitta and blood are greatly diminished, kapha first takes refuge in the urine; then, having reached the tissue in the bladder, when that is depleted, vāta arises.

साध्यासाध्यप्रतीत्याद्याः मेहास्तेनैव तद्भवाः । समे समकृता दोषे परमत्वात्तथापि च ॥ १,१५९.

Thus, the types of prameha are determined by their curability or incurability; even when the doṣas are equally involved, due to their predominance, distinctions remain.

सामान्य लक्षणन्तेषां प्रभूताविलमूत्रता । दोषदूष्या विशेषेऽपि तत्संयोगविशेषतः ॥ १,१५९.

Their general symptom is the excessive and turbid nature of the urine; even though the doṣas and affected tissues differ, the specific combinations produce variations.