Garuda Purana

भागीरथ्याश्च चत्वारि रूपाण्यासन्खगेश्वर । महाभिषग्जनेन्द्रस्य भार्या तु ह्यभिषेचनी

O lord of birds, Bhāgīrathī has four forms: as Abhiṣecanī, she is the wife of the great king of physicians.

द्वितीयेनैव रूपेण गङ्गा भार्या च शन्तनोः । सुषेणा वै सुषेणस्य भार्या सा वानरी स्मृता

In her second form, Gaṅgā is the wife of Śantanu; as Suṣeṇā, she is known as the wife of Suṣeṇa, and is remembered as a vanara woman.

मण्डूकभार्या गङ्गा तु सैव मण्डूकिनी स्मृता । एवं चत्वारि रूपाणि गङ्गाया इति कीर्तितम्

As the wife of Maṇḍūka, Gaṅgā is known as Maṇḍūkinī. Thus, four forms of Gaṅgā are described.

आदित्याच्चैव गङ्गातः पर्जन्यः समुदाहृतः । प्रवर्षति सुवैराग्यं ह्यतः पर्जन्यनामकम्

From the Sun and Gaṅgā arises Parjanya, who is so called because he pours forth supreme detachment.

शरंवराय पञ्चजन्याच्च पञ्च हित्वा जग्ध्वा गर्वकं षट्क्रमेण । स्वबाणस्य स्वहृदि संस्थितस्य भजेत्सदा नैव भक्तिं विषं च

For Śaraṃvara, after giving up five and consuming pride in six stages from Pañcajanya, one should always worship the arrow that abides in one’s own heart, not devotion or poison.

लिङ्गं पुष्टं नैव कार्यं सदैव लिङ्गं पुष्टं कार्यमेवं सदापि । योनौ सक्तिर्नैव कार्या सदापि योनौ मुक्तेऽसंगतो याति मुक्तिम्

A strong liṅga is never to be made; yet always a strong liṅga should be made. Attachment to the yoni is never to be practiced; even so, one who is unattached attains liberation.

वैराग्यमेवं प्रकारोत्येव नित्यमतः पर्जन्यस्त्वन्तकः पक्षिवर्य । एतावता शरभाख्यो महात्मा स चान्तरो स तु पर्जन्य एव

Thus is the nature of detachment, O best of birds; therefore, Parjanya is called Antaka. In this way, the great soul known as Śarabha is also Parjanya.

शश्वत्केशा यस्य गात्रे खगेन्द्र प्रभास्यन्ते शरभाख्यो पयोतः । यमस्य भार्या श्यामला या खगेन्द्र यस्मात्सदा कलिभार्यापिया च

O King of Birds, the one whose body is always adorned with hair, who is called Sharabha, is the consort of Yama; she is dark-complexioned, and because she always drinks what is dear to Kali, she is known as Kali's wife.

मत्वा सम्यक्मानसं या करोति ह्यतश्च सा श्यामलासंज्ञकाभूत् । मलं वक्ष्ये हरिभक्तेर्विरोधी सुलोहपात्रे सन्निधानं च तस्य

Thinking rightly in her mind, she acts accordingly, and thus she became known as Shyamala; I will now speak of the impurity that opposes devotion to Hari, and its presence in vessels made of inferior metals.

तद्वैष्णवैस्त्याज्यमेवं सदैव वस्त्रं दग्धं सन्धिजं चैव जन्यम्

Therefore, among Vaishnavas, one must always avoid garments that are burnt, stitched, or produced from impure sources.

नोच्चाश्च ते हरिभक्तेर्विहीनास्तेषां संगो नैव कार्यः सदापि । पुराणसंपर्कविसर्जिनं च पुराणतालं च पुराणवस्त्रम्

Those who lack devotion to Hari should never be associated with; always avoid those who abandon contact with the Purana, as well as old scales and old garments.

सुजीर्णकन्थाजिनमेखलं च यज्ञोपवीतं च कलिप्रियं च । प्रियं गृहं चोर्णवितानकं च समित्कुशैः पूरितं कुत्सितं च

Worn-out cloth, animal skins, belts, sacred threads, and things dear to Kali; beloved homes, powdered canopies, and fuel sticks filled with kusha grass—all these are considered contemptible.

सर्वं चेत्कलिभार्याप्रियं च नैव प्रियं शार्ङ्गपाणेः कदाचित् । कांस्ये सुपक्वं यावनालस्य चान्नं तुषः पिण्याकं तुम्बबिल्वे पलाण्डुः

Everything that is dear to Kali's wife is never pleasing to the wielder of the Sharnga bow; food cooked well in bronze, barley, husk, oil-cake, gourd, onion—

दीर्घं तक्रं स्वादुहीनं कटूष्णमेते सर्वे कलिभार्याप्रियाश्च । सुदुर्मुखं निन्दनं चार्यजानां सतोवमत्यात्मजानां प्रसह्य

Long-fermented buttermilk, tasteless, pungent, and hot—all these are dear to Kali's wife; extremely foul, blameworthy, and despised by noble people, and forcibly rejected by one's own children.

सुपीडनं सर्वदा भर्तृवर्गे गृहस्थितव्रीहिवस्त्रादिचौर्यात् । प्रकीर्णभूतान्मूर्धजान्संदधानं करैर्युतं देवकलिप्रियं च

Always causing distress among husbands, theft of rice, cloth, and household items; mixing scattered hair with hands, and all things dear to the gods and to Kali.

इत्यादि सर्वं कलिभार्याप्रियञ्च सुनिर्मलं प्रकरोत्येव सर्वम् । अतश्च सा श्यामलेति स्वसंज्ञामवाप सा देवकी संबभूव

All such things, dear to Kali's wife, are always made completely pure; thus she acquired the name Shyamala, and became known as Devaki.

युधिष्ठिरस्यैव बभूव पत्नीसंभाविता तत्र च देवकी सा । चन्द्रस्य भार्या रोहिणी वै तदेयमश्विन्यादिभ्योऽह्यधिका सर्वदैव

She became the esteemed wife of Yudhishthira, and there Devaki was present; Rohini is the wife of the Moon, and she is always superior to the Ashvini and others.

रोणीं धृत्वा रोहति योग्यस्थानं तस्माच्च सा रोहिणीति प्रसिद्धा । आदित्यभार्या नाम संज्ञा खगेन्द्र ज्ञेया सा नारायणस्य स्वरूपा

Bearing the womb, she rises to the proper place, and thus she is famously called Rohini; O King of Birds, the wife of the Sun is known as Samjna, and she is the very form of Narayana.

संजानातीत्येव संज्ञामवाप संज्ञेति लोके सूर्य भार्या खगेन्द्र । ब्रह्माण्डस्य ह्यभिमानी तु देवो विराडिति ह्यभिधामाप तेन

Because she recognizes, she acquired the name Samjna; thus, in the world, the wife of the Sun is called Samjna, O King of Birds; the deity who presides over the universe is called Virat.

गङ्गादिषट्कं सममेव नित्यं परस्परं नोत्तमं नाधमं च । प्रधानाग्नेः पाविकान्यैव गङ्गा सदा शुभा नात्र विचार्यमस्ति

The six rivers, including the Ganga, are always equal to each other; none is superior or inferior; the chief fire's wife is Pavaka, and Ganga is always auspicious—there is no doubt about this.

आसां ज्ञानत्पुण्यमाप्नोति नित्यं सदा हरिः प्रीयते केशवोलम् । गङ्गादिभ्यो ह्यवराह्यग्निजाया स्वाहासंज्ञाधिगुणा नैव हीना

By knowing them, one always attains merit, and Hari is ever pleased with Kesava; among the Ganga and others, the wife of Agni, named Svaha, is not inferior in qualities.

स्वाहाकारो मन्त्ररूपाभिमानी स्वाहेति संज्ञामाप सदैव वीन्द्र । अग्नेर्भार्यातो बुद्धिमान् संबभूव ब्रह्माभिमानी चन्द्रपुत्रो बुधश्च

Svaha, the mantra-form, presiding over Svaha, always acquired the name Svaha, O Indra; from Agni's wife, the intelligent one was born, who presides over Brahma, and Budha, the son of the Moon.

बुद्ध्याहरद्वै राष्ट्रजातं च सर्वं धृतं त्वतो बुधसंज्ञामवाप । एवं चाभूदभिमन्युर्महात्मा सुभद्राया जठरे ह्यर्जुनाच्च

By his intellect, he took all that was born in the kingdom, and thus acquired the name Budha; in this way, the great-souled Abhimanyu was born in Subhadra's womb from Arjuna.

कृष्णस्य चन्द्रस्य यमस्य चांशैः स संयुतस्त्वश्विनोर्वै हरस्य । स्वाहाधमश्चन्द्रपुत्रो बुधस्तु पादारविन्दे विष्णुदेवस्य भक्तः

He was endowed with portions of Krishna, the Moon, Yama, the Ashvins, and Shiva; Budha, the son of the Moon, inferior to Svaha, is devoted at the lotus feet of Lord Vishnu.

नामात्मिका त्वश्विभार्या उषा नाम प्रकीर्तिता । बुधाधमा सा विज्ञेया स्वाहा दशगुणाधमा

The wife of the Ashvins, named Ushā, is renowned as possessing the essence of name; she is known as inferior to Budha, and Svaha is ten times inferior.

नकुलस्य भार्या मागधस्यैव पुत्री शल्यात्मजा सहदेवस्य भार्या । उभे ह्येते अश्विभार्या ह्युषापि उपासते षड्गुणं विष्णुमाद्यम् । अतोऽप्युषासंज्ञका सा खगेन्द्र अनन्तराञ्छृणु वक्ष्ये महात्मन्

Nakula's wife was the daughter of the Magadhan, and the daughter of Shalya became Sahadeva's wife; both these women are considered as wives of the Ashvins, and Ushā also worships the sixfold primordial Vishnu. Now, O king of birds, I shall tell you about those called by the name Ushā; listen to the next ones, O great-souled one.

ततः शक्तिः पृथिव्यात्मा शनैश्चरति सर्वदा । अतः शनैश्चरो नाम उषायाश्च दशाधमाः

Then, Śakti, the essence of the earth, always moves slowly; therefore, he is called Śanaiścara (Saturn), and he is the tenth and lowest among the Ushās.

कर्मात्मा पुष्करो ज्ञेयः शनेरथ यमो मतः । नयाभिमानी पुरुषः किञ्चिन्नम्रो दशावरः

Know that Puṣkara is the embodiment of action, and Yama is considered the charioteer of Śani; a man who is proud of his conduct, somewhat humble, is the tenth among them.

हरिप्रीतिकरो नित्यं पुष्करे क्रीडते यतः । अतस्तु पुष्कलो नाम लोके स परिकीर्तितः

Because he always delights Hari and plays in Puṣkara, therefore he is renowned in the world by the name Puṣkala.