Garuda Purana

तदाहुर्ब्रह्मणो रूपं गुणवैषम्यनामकम् । चतुर्भागात्मकं प्रोक्तं महत्तत्त्वं श्रुतं मया ॥ ३,४.

They say that is the form of Brahmā, known as the inequality of the qualities; the great principle is said to consist of four parts, as I have heard.

त्रयोदशांशैः संभूतमिति प्रोक्तं त्वयानघ । तदेतत्संशयं छिन्धि कृपालो भक्तवत्सल ॥ ३,४.

You have said that it is formed from thirteen parts, O sinless one; please resolve this doubt, O compassionate one, who is affectionate to devotees.

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच । ब्रह्मोक्तम्य मयोक्तस्य विवादो नास्ति सर्वथा । मूलसत्त्वे मिश्रितं च दशभागेन यद्रजः ॥ ३,४.

Śrī Krishna said: There is absolutely no contradiction between what Brahmā said and what I have said; in the root sattva, rajas is mixed with ten parts.

तत्सर्वं च मिलित्वैव त्वेको भागस्तु कीर्तितः । मूले रजसि यच्चोक्तो रजोभागः खगेश्वर ॥ ३,४.

All of that, when combined, is said to be one part; and in the root rajas, what is called the portion of rajas, O lord of birds,

भागे द्वितीये विज्ञेयस्तद्रजो नात्र संशयः । मूले तमसि यच्चोक्तो रजोभागस्तथैव च ॥ ३,४.

In the second part, that is to be known as rajas, there is no doubt; and in the root tamas, what is called the portion of rajas is likewise so.

तृतीयभागो विज्ञेयो नात्र कार्या विचारणा । तथा मूले च तमसि ह्येको भागस्तमः स्मृतः ॥ ३,४.

The third part is to be understood as such; there should be no further inquiry. Likewise, in the root tamas, one part is remembered as tamas.

एवं त्रिभागो रजसः एकांशस्तमसः स्मृतः । तदाहुर्ब्रह्मणो देहं गुणवैषम्यनामकम् ॥ ३,४.

Thus, three parts are of rajas, and one part is of tamas; they say that is the body of Brahmā, known as the inequality of the qualities.

गरुड उवाच । महत्तत्त्वस्य चत्वारो भागास्तेषु रजस्त्रयः । तमसस्त्वेक एवेति त्वयोक्तं गरुडध्वज ॥ ३,४.

Garuḍa said: Of the four parts of the great principle, three are rajas and one is tamas—thus you have said, O bearer of Garuḍa.

रजोभागात्मको देहोः ब्रह्मणः परमेष्ठिनः । इति प्रतीयते ब्रह्मन्वचनात्तव माधव ॥ ३,४.

The body of Brahmā, the supreme creator, is composed of the portion of rajas—so it is understood, O Mādhava, from your words and from Brahmā's.

शुद्धसत्त्वात्मको देहो ब्रह्मणः परमेष्ठिनः । एवं हि श्रूयते कृष्ण संशयो मेत्र बाधते ॥ ३,४.

The body of Brahma, the supreme creator, is composed of pure sattva; thus it is heard, O Krishna, this doubt troubles me.

तमेवं संशयं छिन्धि यद्धि तच्छ्रोतुमर्हति । श्रीकृष्ण उवाच । त्रिभागभूते रजसि तथा द्वादशधापि च ॥ ३,४.

Resolve this doubt, for it is worthy to be heard; Sri Krishna said: When rajas is present in three parts, and also in twelve divisions—

रजसोपेक्षया सत्त्वं दशांशाधिकमेव च । प्रविष्टमस्तीति खग ज्ञातव्यं तच्छणु द्विज ॥ ३,४.

With the predominance of rajas, sattva enters, exceeding by ten parts; know this, O bird, listen, O twice-born.

तमसोपेक्षया सत्त्वं दशांशाधिकमेव वै । प्रविष्टमस्तीति खग वक्तव्यं नात्र संशयः ॥ ३,४.

With the predominance of tamas, sattva enters, exceeding by ten parts; this must be stated, O bird, there is no doubt here.

तमसोपेक्षया तत्र तम एकादशं स्मृतम् । एकांशस्तु रजो ज्ञेयमेवमाहुर्मनीषिणः । एवं च मिलितान्भागान्वक्ष्ये शृणु महामते ॥ ३,४.

With the predominance of tamas there, tamas is considered eleven parts; one part is known as rajas—thus the wise declare; now I will explain the combined portions, listen, O great-minded one.

महत्तत्त्वसमुत्पत्ता उपादानं खगेश्वर । त्रयोदशांशा विज्ञेया द्वादशाशं रजः स्मृतम् ॥ ३,४.

From the arising of the great principle, O lord of birds, the material cause is to be understood as thirteen parts; rajas is remembered as twelve parts.

एकांशस्तमसो ज्ञेयस्तत्र भागाञ्छृणु द्विजा । आदौ तु द्वादशांशेषु भागान्वक्ष्यामि तच्छृणु ॥ ३,४.

One part is known as tamas; now hear the divisions, O twice-born; at first, among the twelve parts, I will explain the portions, listen to this.

एकांशस्तमसो ज्ञेयस्तद्दशां शाधिकं रजः । तच्छतांशाधिकं सत्त्वमेवमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ ३,४.

One part is known as tamas, ten parts more of rajas, and a hundred parts more of sattva—thus the wise declare.

एकांशतमसि ह्येवं विभागाञ्छृणु सत्तम । एकांशस्तु रजो ज्ञेयस्तमो ह्येका दशाधिकम् ॥ ३,४.

In one part of tamas, hear the divisions, O best one; one part is known as rajas, tamas is eleven parts.

तमोभागास्तु विज्ञेयास्तद्दशांशाधिकः स्मृतः । सत्त्वभाग इति ज्ञेयो महत्तत्त्वे खगेश्वर ॥ ३,४.

The portions of tamas are to be understood as ten parts more; the portion of sattva is thus known in the great principle, O lord of birds.

सत्त्वांशो बहुलो यस्माच्छुद्धसत्त्वं चतुर्मुखः । उत्पत्तिर्महतश्चोक्ता एवं च विनतासुत ॥ ३,४.

Because the portion of sattva is abundant, the four-faced one is of pure sattva; the origin from the great principle is thus stated, O son of Vinata.

तज्ज्ञानान्मोक्षमाप्नोति नान्यथा तु कथञ्चन ॥ ३,४.

By knowing this, one attains liberation; otherwise, never, by any means.

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम् ५ एतादृशे महत्तत्त्वे लक्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम् । प्रविवेश महाभाग क्षोभयामास वै हरिः ॥ ३,५.

In such a great principle, Hari himself, together with Lakshmi, entered, O illustrious one, and Hari stirred it.

अहन्तत्त्वमभूत्तस्माज्ज्ञानद्रव्यक्रियात्मकम् । अहङ्कारसमुत्पत्तावेकांशस्तमसि स्मृतः ॥ ३,५.

From that arose the principle of ego, consisting of knowledge, substance, and action; the origin of ahamkara is remembered as one part of tamas.

तद्दशांशाधिकरजस्तद्दशांशाधिकं प्रभो । सत्त्वमित्युच्यते सद्भिर्ह्येतदात्मा त्वहं स्मृतम् ॥ ३,५.

Ten parts more of rajas, ten parts more of sattva, O lord; thus the virtuous call it the self, and I am remembered as its essence.

अहन्तत्त्वाभिमानी तु आदौ शेषो बभूवह । सहस्राब्दाच्च पश्चात्तौ जातौ खगहरौ द्विज ॥ ३,५.

The one who identifies with the principle of ego was at first Shesha; after a thousand years, O twice-born, Garuda and Hari were born.

अहन्तत्त्वे खग ह्येषु प्रविष्टो हरिरव्ययः । क्षोभयामास भगवाल्लङ्क्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम् ॥ ३,५.

In the principle of ego, O bird, Hari, the imperishable, entered; Bhagavan Hari himself stirred it together with Lakshmi.

वैकारिकस्तामसश्च तैजसश्चेत्यहं त्रिधा । त्रिधा बभूव रुद्रोपि यतस्तेषां नियामकः ॥ ३,५.

The ego is threefold: vaikārika, tāmasa, and taijasa; Rudra also became threefold, for he is their regulator.

वैकारिकस्थितो रुद्रो वैकारिक इति स्मृतः । तामसे तु स्थितो रुद्रस्तामसो ह्यभिधीयते ॥ ३,५.

Rudra, abiding in the Vaikarika, is known as Vaikarika; when established in Tamasa, Rudra is called Tamasa.

तैजसे तु स्थितो रुद्रो लोके वै तैजसः स्मृतः । तैजसे तु ह्यहन्तत्त्वे लक्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम् ॥ ३,५.

When Rudra resides in Taijasa, he is remembered in the world as Taijasa; and in Taijasa, within the principle of ego, Hari himself is present together with Lakshmi.