प्रवृत्तेश्च निमित्तानि भूतानां तानि सर्वशः । मेरोश्चतुर्दिशं भानोः कीर्तितानि मया मुने
All the omens of the movements of beings have been described by me, O sage, in the four directions from Meru, regarding the sun.
मेरुस्थानां सदा मध्यं गत एव विभाति हि । सव्यं गच्छन्दक्षिणेन करोति स्वर्णपर्वतम्
The center of Meru always appears as the middle point; as the sun moves to the right, it makes the golden mountain its southern side.
उदयास्तमये चैव सर्वकालं तु सम्मुखे । दिशास्वशेषासु तथा सुरर्षे विदिशासु च
At sunrise and sunset, at all times, the sun is seen directly in front; likewise, in the remaining directions and intermediate directions, O sage among the gods.
यैर्यत्र दृश्यते भास्वान्स तेषामुदयः स्मृतः । तिरोभावं च यत्रैति तत्रैवास्तमनं रवेः
Wherever the sun is seen by people, that is called its rising; and wherever it disappears, that is considered its setting.
नैवास्तमनमर्कस्य नोदयः सर्वदा सतः । उदयास्तमनाख्यं हि दर्शनादर्शनं रवेः
The sun, which is ever-existent, truly has neither setting nor rising; what is called sunrise and sunset is merely its appearance and disappearance.
शक्रादीनां पुरे तिष्ठन्स्पृशत्येष पुरत्रयम् । विकर्णौ द्वौ विकर्णस्थस्त्रीन्कोणान्द्वे पुरे तथा
Dwelling in the cities of Indra and others, the sun touches three cities; in Vikarni, it touches two corners, and in two other cities, three corners.
सर्वेषां द्वीपवर्षाणां मेरुरुत्तरतः स्थितः । यैर्यत्र दृश्यते भानुः सैव प्राचीति चोच्यते
Meru is situated to the north of all the continents and regions; wherever the sun is seen by people, that is called the east.
तद्वामभागतो मेरुर्वर्ततेति विनिर्णयः । यदि चैन्द्र्याः प्रचलते घटिका दशपञ्चभिः
It is determined that Meru lies to the left side of that; and if from Indra's city the ghatika clock moves by fifteen units,
याम्यां तदा योजनानां सपादं कोटियुग्मकम् । सार्धद्वादशलक्षाणि पञ्चनेत्रसहस्रकम्
Then, in the southern region, the sun travels one crore and a quarter yojanas, plus twelve and a half lakhs and five thousand yojanas.
प्रक्रामति सहस्रांशुः कालमार्गप्रदर्शकः । एवं ततो वारुणीं च सौम्यामैन्द्रीं सहस्रदृक्
The thousand-rayed sun, the indicator of time's path, proceeds thus; in this way, he traverses the Varuni, Saumya, and Aindri cities.
पर्येति कालचक्रात्मा द्युमणिः कालबुद्धये । तथा चान्ये ग्रहाः सोमादयो ये दिग्विचारिणः
The radiant orb, embodying the wheel of time, moves for the understanding of time; likewise, the other planets, beginning with the moon, which wander the directions.
नक्षत्रैः सह चोद्यन्ति सह चास्तं व्रजन्ति ते । एवं मुहूर्तेन रथो भानोरष्टशताधिकम्
Together with the stars, they rise and set; thus, in one muhūrta, the chariot of the sun travels more than eight hundred yojanas.
योजनानां चतुस्त्रिंशल्लक्षाणि भ्रमति प्रभुः । त्रयीमयश्चतुर्दिक्षु पुरीषु च समीरणात्
The lord traverses three hundred and twenty thousand yojanas; composed of the three Vedas, in the four directions and cities, by the wind.
प्रवहाख्यात्सदा कालचक्रं पर्येति भानुमान् । यस्य चक्रं रथस्यैकं द्वादशारं त्रिनाभिकम्
The sun, called Bhanu, always moves by the wind named Pravaha, along the wheel of time; his chariot has one wheel with twelve spokes and three hubs.
षण्नेमि कवयस्तं च वत्सरात्मकमूचिरे । मेरुमूर्धनि तस्याक्षो मानसोत्तरपर्वते
The wise have declared that its six rims represent the year; its axle is on the summit of Meru, on the mountain called Manasottara.
कृतेतरविभागो यः प्रोतं तत्र रथाङ्गकम् । तैलकारकयन्त्रेण चक्रसाम्यं परिभ्रमन्
The division of the other parts is fixed there, and the chariot's body is fastened; revolving in balance like the mechanism of an oil-press.
मानसोत्तरनाम्नीह गिरौ पर्येति चांशुमान् । तस्मिन्नक्षे कृतं मूलं द्वितीयोऽक्षो ध्रुवे कृतः
On the mountain named Mānasa-uttara, the radiant Sun moves; in that constellation, the first axle is fixed, and the second axle is set at Dhruva.
तुर्यमानेन तैलस्य यन्त्राक्षवदितीरितः । कृतोपरितनो भागः सूर्यस्य जगतां पतेः
As with the fourth measure of oil in a machine's axle, so is described the upper portion of the Sun, the Lord of the worlds.
रथनीडस्तु षट्त्रिंशल्लक्षयोजनमायतः । तत्तुर्यभागतः सोऽयं परिणाहेन कीर्तितः
The chariot platform is thirty-six lakh yojanas in length; this is said to be the fourth part, measured by its circumference.
तावानर्करथस्यात्र युगस्तस्मिन्हयाः शुभाः । सप्तच्छन्दोऽभिधानाश्च सूरसूतेन योजिताः
So great is the yoke of the Sun's chariot here; to it are yoked the auspicious seven horses, named after the seven meters, harnessed by the charioteer of the Sun.
वहन्ति देवमादित्यं लोकानां सुखहेतवे । पुरस्तात्सवितुः सूतोऽरुणः पश्चान्नियोजितः
They carry the god Āditya, the cause of happiness for the worlds; in front of Sūrya is the charioteer Aruṇa, and behind, the reins are held.
सौत्ये कर्मणि संयुक्तो वर्तते गरुडाग्रजः । तथैव बालखिल्याख्या ऋषयोऽङ्गुष्ठपर्वकाः
Engaged in the charioteer's task is Garuḍa's elder brother; likewise, the sages called Bālakhilyas, as small as thumb-joints, are present.
प्रमाणेन परिख्याताः षष्टिसाहस्रसंख्यकाः । स्तुवन्ति पुरतः सूर्यं सूक्तवाक्यैः सुशोभनैः
They are counted as sixty thousand in number, measured precisely; they praise the Sun in front with beautiful hymns and words.
तथा चान्ये च ऋषयो गन्धर्वा अप्सरोरगाः । ग्रामण्यो यातुधानाश्च देवाः सर्वे परेश्वरम्
Likewise, other sages, Gandharvas, Apsaras, Nāgas, chiefs, Yātudhānas, and all the gods worship the Supreme Lord.
एकैकशः सप्त सप्त मासि मासि विरोचनम् । सार्धलक्षोत्तरं कोटिनवकं भूमिमण्डलम्
Each group of seven, month by month, traverses the earth's circle, which measures nine crores and one and a half lakhs.
द्विसहस्रं योजनानां स गव्यूत्युत्तरं क्षणात् । पर्येति देवदेवेशो विश्वव्यापी निरन्तरम्
In a moment, the Lord of gods, pervading the universe, circles two thousand yojanas beyond the range of cow-pastures, ceaselessly.
सोमादिगतिवर्णनम् श्रीनारायण उवाच अथातः श्रूयतां चित्रं सोमादीनां गमादिकम् । तद्गत्यनुसृता नॄणां शुभाशुभनिदर्शना
Description of the movement of Soma and others. Śrī Nārāyaṇa said: Now, listen to the wondrous movements of Soma and the others; their paths indicate the auspicious and inauspicious for people.
यथा कुलालचक्रेण भ्रमता भ्रमतां सह । तदाश्रयाणां च गतिरन्या कीटादिनां भवेत्
Just as, when a potter's wheel spins, those attached to it move with it, but the movement of insects and others upon it is different.
एवं हि राशिवृन्देन कालचक्रेण तेन च । मेरुं धुरं च सरतां प्रादक्षिण्येन सर्वदा
In the same way, by the group of signs and the wheel of time, Meru and the pole are always circled to the right by those who move.
ग्रहाणां भानुमुख्यानां गतिरन्यैव दृश्यते । नक्षत्रान्तरगामित्वाद्भान्तरे गमनं तथा
The movement of the planets, with the Sun as chief, is seen to be different; because they move among the constellations, their motion within is thus.