वृषलीपतिं याजयेद्यो भुंक्तेऽन्नं तस्य यो नरः
Whoever performs a sacrifice for the husband of a woman of low caste, or whoever eats food from him—
पादं ददाति वह्नौ च गाश्च पादेन ताडयेत्
Who places his foot in the fire, or strikes cows with his foot—
यो भुंक्ते स्निग्धपादेन शेते स्निग्धांघ्रिरेव च
Who eats with an oily foot, or sleeps with oily feet—
अवीरान्नं च यो भुंक्ते योनिजीवी च वै द्विजः
Who eats food not fit for a hero, or a twice-born who lives by base means—
पितॄंश्च पर्वकाले च तिथिकाले च देवताम्
Who, at the time of the ancestors or on sacred days, offers to the gods—
स्वभर्तरि च कृष्णे च भेदबुद्धिं करोति या
A woman who makes a distinction in her mind between her husband and Krishna—
गोमार्गखननं कृत्वा वपते सस्यमेव च
Who, after digging a cow-path, sows crops there—
राजके दैवके यत्नाद्गोस्वामी गां न पातयेत्
Whether for the king or for the gods, the owner of cows must never let his cow fall—
प्राणिनं लंघयेद्यो हि देवार्चायां रतं जलम् ।।2.30.
Whoever steps over a living being, or over water dedicated to the worship of the gods—
शश्वन्नास्तीति वादी यो मिथ्यावादी प्रतारकः
Who always says ‘there is nothing’ or who is a false speaker, a deceiver—
देवताप्रतिमां दृष्ट्वा गुरुं वा ब्राह्मणं सति
Who, seeing an image of a deity, or a worthy guru or a Brahmin—
न ददात्याशिषं कोपात्प्रणताय च यो द्विजः
A twice-born who, out of anger, does not give a blessing to one who bows before him—
गोहत्या ब्रह्महत्या च कथिता चातिदेशिकी
The killing of a cow and the killing of a Brahmin are declared as especially grave—
सावित्र्युवाच न्यूनाधिके च को भेदस्तन्मां व्याख्यातुमर्हसि
Savitri said: What is the difference between less and more? You should explain this to me.
यम उवाच कुत्रातिदेशिकः श्रेष्ठो वास्तवो न्यून एव च
Yama said: Where is the greater, where is the lesser, and where is the true excess?
कुत्र वा समता साध्वि तयोर्वेदप्रमाणतः
O virtuous one, where is equality between the two, according to the authority of the Vedas?
पुरा परिचिते विप्रे विद्यामन्त्रप्रदातरि
In former times, for a well-known Brahmin who gave knowledge and mantras—
पितुः शतगुणा माता मातुः शतगुणस्तथा
The mother is said to be a hundred times greater than the father, and likewise, the father is a hundred times greater than the mother.
गुरुतो गुरुपत्नी च गौरवे च गरीयसी ।। 2.30.
The guru and the guru’s wife are both to be regarded with the highest reverence.
विप्रः शिवसमो यश्च विष्णुतुल्यपराक्रमः
A brāhmaṇa is equal to Śiva, and his prowess is comparable to Viṣṇu.
सर्वं गङ्गासमं तोयं सर्वे व्याससमा द्विजाः
All water is like the Gaṅgā, and all twice-born are like Vyāsa.
आतिदेशिकहत्याया वास्तवश्च चतुर्गुणः
The result of killing a preceptor is four times greater than that of an actual killing.
आतिदेशिकहत्याया भेदश्च कथितः सति
The distinction regarding the killing of a preceptor has thus been explained.
स्वस्त्री गम्या च सर्वेषामिति वेदे निरूपिता
In the Veda, it is declared that one’s own wife is proper for all.
सामान्यं कथितं सर्वं विशेषं शृणु सुन्दरि
All that is general has been stated; now listen to the specifics, O beautiful one.
शूद्राणां विप्रपत्नी च विप्राणां शूद्रकामिनी
For Śūdras, the wife of a brāhmaṇa; for brāhmaṇas, a Śūdra woman.
शूद्रश्चेद्ब्राह्मणीं गच्छेद्ब्रह्महत्याशतं लभेत्
If a Śūdra approaches a brāhmaṇa woman, he incurs the sin of a hundred brahma-murders.
यदि शूद्रां व्रजेद्विप्रो वृषलीपतिरेव सः
If a brāhmaṇa goes to a Śūdra woman, he becomes merely the husband of an outcaste.
विष्ठासमश्च तत्पिंडो मूत्रतुल्यं च तर्पणम् 2.30.
His offering of food is like excrement, and his libation is as impure as urine.
कोटिजन्मार्जितं पुण्यं सन्ध्यार्चातपसाऽर्जितम्
The merit accumulated over millions of births, gained by worship, twilight rites, and austerity,