क्रमेण ताभिः सार्ध च चन्द्रस्तिष्ठति नित्यशः । सप्तविंशति नक्षत्रं कलत्रं च श्रुतौ श्रुतम्
In turn, together with them, the moon always resides; twenty-seven stars are known as the moon's spouses in the tradition.
अभिजिच्छूवणच्छाया तेनाष्टाविंशतिः स्मृता । एकदा च मधौ चन्द्रो रोहिण्या वामया सह
Abhijit is considered a shadow, so twenty-eight are remembered; once, in the month of Madhu, the moon delighted with Rohiṇī, his beloved.
रेमे दिवानिशं नित्यं श्रवणा च चुकोप सा । छायां च दत्त्वा चन्द्राय ययौ तातान्तिकं भिया
He enjoyed day and night always, but Śravaṇā became angry; she gave her shadow to the moon and went to her father's house out of fear.
ततः पितरमादाय सा चक्रे च विभागकम् । बभूव तेन नक्षत्रमभिजिन्नामकं पुरा
Then, taking her father, she made a division; thus, the star named Abhijit came to be in ancient times.
एतच्छ्रुत्वा कृष्णमुखाच्छतश्रृङ्गे च पर्वते । नक्षत्रं कथितं वत्स तिथ्या भ्रमति नित्यशः
Hearing this from Krishna's mouth, on the mountain with a hundred peaks, the star is described, child, as constantly wandering through the lunar days.
योगं च करणं चैव मद्वक्त्रेण निशामय । विष्कम्भः प्रीतिरायुष्मान्सौभाग्यः शोभनस्तथा
Listen from my lips to the yoga and the calculation, which bring forth support, affection, longevity, good fortune, and beauty.
अतिगण्डः सुकर्मा च घृतिः शूलस्तथैव च । गण्डो वृद्धिर्ध्रुवश्चैव व्याघातो हर्षणास्तथा
There are also atigaṇḍa, auspicious action, ghṛti, and śūla; gaṇḍa, increase, dhruva, vyāghāta, and harṣaṇa likewise.
वज्रं सिद्धिर्व्यतीपातो वरीयान्परिघः शिवः । सिद्धिः साध्यः शुभः शुक्लो ब्रह्मेन्द्रो वैधृतिस्तथा
Vajra, accomplishment, vyatīpāta, varīyān, parigha, auspiciousness, accomplishment, sādhya, auspicious, śukla, Brahma, Indra, and vaidhṛti as well.
कीर्तितस्ते योगगणः करणं श्रूयतामिति । बवश्च बालवश्चैव कौलवस्तैतिलस्तथा
The group of yogas has been named; now listen to the calculation: bava, bālava, kaulava, and taitila.
गरश्च वणिजश्चापि विष्टिश्च शकुनिस्तथा । चतुष्पाच्चापि नागश्च किंस्तुघ्न इति कीर्तितम्
Gara, vaṇija, viṣṭi, and śakuni; also catuṣpād, nāga, and kiṃstughna are mentioned.
नराणां चापि मासेन पितॄणां च दिवानिशम् । शुक्ले चापि दिनं तेषां कृष्णे नक्तं प्रकीर्तितम्
For humans, a month; for ancestors, day and night; for them, the bright fortnight is their day, the dark fortnight is their night.
वत्सरेण नाराणां च सुराणां च दिवानिशम् । दिनं तेषामुत्तरे च नक्तं च दक्षिणायने
For humans, by the year; for gods, day and night; for them, the northern course is day, the southern course is night.
मन्वन्तरं तु दिव्यानां युगानामेकसप्ततिः । मनोरायुः परिमितं शक्रस्याऽऽयुः प्रकीर्तितम्
A manvantara is for the divine beings, seventy-one yugas; the lifespan of Manu is measured, and that of Indra is declared.
पञ्चविंशत्सहस्रं च तथा पञ्चशतं परम् । तत्र सूर्यगतिर्नास्ति शक्रपातानुसारतः
Twenty-five thousand and five hundred is the highest; there, the sun does not move, following Indra's descent.
दिवानिशं च जानन्ति ब्रह्मलोकनिवासिनः । दण्डद्वयं नरपलं शक्रपातेन तत्पलम्
The residents of Brahmaloka know day and night; two daṇḍas is a human hour, and by Indra's descent, that is its measure.
एवं त्रिशद्दिनेनैव धातुर्मासः प्रकीर्तितः । अब्दो द्वादशभिर्मासैरेवं तस्य शतायुषः
Thus, by three days, the month of the creator is declared; the year is by twelve months, thus for one whose lifespan is a hundred.
ब्रह्मणः पतनेनैव निमेषाच्छ्रीहरेरपि । धातुः पातानुसारेण वैकुण्ठे न दिवानिशम्
By Brahma's descent, even a blink of the eye is for Śrī Hari; by the creator's descent, in Vaikuṇṭha there is no day or night.
तत्र सूर्यगतिर्नास्ति चैवं गोलोकतः स्मृतम् । वैकुण्ठवासिनः सर्वे न वै जानन्त्यहर्निशम्
There, the sun does not move; thus it is remembered from Goloka; all the residents of Vaikuṇṭha do not know day and night.
चन्द्रस्यापि ग्रहाणां च गतिर्नास्ति च तत्र वै । चक्रं नैव भ्रमत्येव राशीनामिच्छया हरेः
There, neither the moon nor the planets move; the wheel does not revolve according to the zodiac signs, but by Hari's will.
दिनं च तेजसा दीप्तं कृष्णस्य परमात्मनः । नक्तं तेजोविहीनं च हरौ च मन्दिरं गते
Day is illuminated by the radiance of Krishna, the Supreme Soul; night is devoid of radiance, when Hari enters his abode.
एवं कालगतिस्तत्र विष्णुलोकेऽस्ति संततम् । कालस्वरूपो भगवान्परमात्मा निराकृतिः
Thus, the movement of time exists continually in Vishnu's realm; the Lord, the Supreme Soul, is the very form of time, without attributes.
चन्द्रसूर्यगतिर्नास्चि पातालेषु च सप्तषु । ,द्वासिनश्च जानन्ति शङ्कन्ते न दिवानिशम्
There is no movement of the moon or sun in the seven nether worlds; the residents there know, but do not suspect day and night.
दिने च मूर्ध्निनागानां मणिर्ज्वलति नित्यशः । संध्यायां दीप्तमग्निश्च रात्रिश्च तमसाऽऽवृता
During the day, the jewel on the heads of the serpents always shines; at twilight, the fire blazes brightly, and at night, everything is enveloped in darkness.
कालं ताम्रीप्रमाणेन जानन्ति तन्निवासिनः । यथा भुवि तथा तत्र परिमाणं प्रकीर्तितम्
The inhabitants there know the time by the measure of copper; as it is on earth, so is the measurement declared there.
कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्चेति चतुर्युगम् । दिव्यैर्द्वादशसाहस्रैर्वत्सरैश्चापि तन्मितम्
The four ages—Krita, Treta, Dvapara, and Kali—are measured by twelve thousand divine years.
अष्टौ शतान्यप्यधिकं सहस्राणां चतुष्टयम् । दिव्यैर्वर्षैः कृतयुगं कालविद्भिर्निरूपितम्
The Krita Yuga is determined by those who know time as four thousand plus eight hundred divine years.
अष्टाविंशत्सहस्राण्यप्यधिकं परिमाणकम् । लक्षाणां च सप्तदशं नृमानं परिकीन्तितम्
Its total measure is twenty-eight thousand divine years, and for humans, it is said to be one million seven hundred thousand years.
अधिकं षट्शतान्येव सहस्राणां त्रयं तथा । दिव्यैर्वर्षैश्च त्रेतेति वत्स कालविदो विदुः
The Treta Yuga, O child, is known by those who understand time as three thousand six hundred divine years.
षण्णवतिसहस्राणि लक्षैर्द्वादशभिः सह । नृणां वर्षैश्च त्रेतेति कालविद्भिः प्रकीर्तितः
The Treta Yuga is declared by those who know time as seven hundred ninety thousand years plus one million two hundred thousand human years.
चतुष्टयं शतानां चाप्यधिकं द्विसहस्रकम् । वर्ष दिव्यं द्वापरं च कालज्ञैः परिकीर्तितम्
The Dvapara Yuga is said by those who know time to be two thousand four hundred divine years plus four hundred.