इति वर्णाः समा ख्याताः सूर्यस्यर्तुसमुद्भवाः
Thus, the colors of the Sun arising in the seasons have been described.
सूर्यो ऽमरेष्वप्यमृतं त्रयं त्रिषु न यच्छति
The Sun does not grant the triple nectar even among the immortals.
भिद्यते ऋतुमासाद्य जलशीतोष्णनिस्रवम्
It is divided, as the seasons arrive, into the flow of water, cold, and heat.
नक्षत्रग्रहसोमानां प्रतिष्ठा योनिरेव च
The foundation and womb of the stars, planets, and Moon.
नक्षत्राधिपतिः सोमो ग्रह राजो दिवाकरः
The lord of the stars is Soma, the king of the planets is the Sun.
पठ्यते चाग्निरादित्य उदकं चन्द्रमाः स्मृतः
It is said that Agni is the Sun, water is regarded as the Moon.
सुरसेनापतिः स्कन्दः पठ्यते ऽङ्गारको ग्रहः
Skanda is the commander of the gods; the planet Mars is also named.
रुद्रो वैवस्वतः साक्षाद्यमो लोकप्रभुः स्वयम्
Rudra is Vaivasvata himself, Yama, the lord of beings, in person.
देवासुरगुरू द्वौ तु भानुमन्तौ महा ग्रहौ
The two great planets, the preceptors of gods and asuras, are both radiant.
आदित्यमूलमखिलं त्रैलोक्यं नात्र संशयः
All the three worlds have their origin in the Sun; of this there is no doubt.
रुद्रोपेन्द्रेन्द्रचन्द्राणां विप्रेन्द्रास्त्रिदिवौकसाम्
Of Rudra, Upendra, Indra, the Moon, the foremost of Brahmins, and the gods of heaven—
सर्वात्मा सर्वलोकेशो महादेवः प्रजापतिः
The Supreme Self, the lord of all worlds, the great god, the progenitor of beings—
ततः संजायते सर्वं तत्र चैव प्रलीयते
From him all things arise, and into him indeed all things dissolve.
जगज्ज्ञेयो ग्रहो विप्रा दीप्तिमान्सुप्रभो रविः
Know, O Brahmins, that the planet which is the Sun, bright and radiant, is the knower of the world.
क्षणा मुहूर्त्ता दिवसा निशाः पक्षाश्च कृत्स्नशः
Moments, muhūrtas, days, nights, and fortnights—all these entirely—
तदादित्यादृते ह्येषा कालंसख्या न विद्यते
Without that Sun, indeed, there would be no reckoning of time.
ऋतूनामविभागाच्च पुष्पमूलफलं कुतः
Without the distinction of seasons, how could there be flowers, roots, or fruits?
अभावो व्यवहाराणां जन्तूनां दिवि चैह च
There would be absence of activities for creatures, both in heaven and here on earth.
स एष कालश्चाग्निश्च द्वादशात्मा प्रजापतिः
He is time, he is fire, he is Prajāpati with twelve forms.
स एष तेचसां राशिस्तमो घ्रन्सार्वलौकिकम्
He is the mass of radiance, the destroyer of darkness, universal to all worlds.
पार्श्वमूर्ध्वमधश्चैव तापयत्येष सर्वशः
He heats everything on the sides, above, and below, completely.
पार्श्वमूर्ध्वमधश्चैव तमो नाशयते समम्
He destroys darkness equally on the sides, above, and below.
सूर्यो गोभिर्जगत्सर्वमादीपयति सर्वतः
The sun, with its rays, illumines the entire world on all sides.
तेषां श्रेष्ठाः पुनः सप्त रश्मयो ग्रहयो नयः
Among these, again, the seven rays are the foremost, and they are the guides of the planets.
विश्वश्रवाः पुनश्चान्यः संपद्वसुरतः परः
Another is Viśvaśravā, who is supreme among the prosperous and the virtuous.
सुषुम्णः सूर्यरश्मिस्तु क्षीण शशिनमेधयेत्
Suṣumṇa is a solar ray that, when the moon wanes, nourishes it.
हरि केशः पुरस्ताद्य ऋक्षयोनिः स कीत्यते
Hari-keśa is at the front, called the progenitor of the stars.
विश्वश्रवास्तु यः पश्चच्छुक्रयोनिः स्मृतो बुधैः
Viśvaśravā, who is at the back, is known by the wise as the origin of Venus.
षष्ठस्त्वर्व्वावसू रश्मिर्योनिस्तु स बृहस्पतेः
The sixth ray, Arvāvasu, is the origin of Jupiter.
एवं सूर्यप्रभावेण ग्रहनक्षत्रतारकाः
Thus, by the power of the sun, the planets, constellations, and stars exist.