असंगः काञ्चनो दिव्यो युक्तः पवनगैर्हयैः
It is unattached, golden, divine, and yoked with wind-speed horses.
वारुणस्यन्दनस्येह लक्षणैः सदृशस्तु सः
This chariot is similar in its features to the chariot of Varuṇa.
अथैतानि तु सूर्यस्य प्रत्यङ्गानि रथस्य ह
Now, these are indeed the component parts of the sun’s chariot.
अहस्तु नाभिः सौरस्य एकचक्रस्य वै स्मृतः
The day is said to be the hub of the solar (one-wheeled) chariot.
रथनीडः स्मृतो ह्येष चायने कूबरावुभौ
This is called the chariot’s seat, and the two poles are the solstices.
तस्य काष्ठा स्मृता घोणा अक्षदण्डः क्षणस्तु वै
The axle is called the shaft, the yoke is the pole, and the moment is the peg.
रात्रिर्वरूथो धर्मो ऽस्य ध्वज ऊर्द्ध्व समुच्छ्रितः
Night is the covering, righteousness is its banner, and the flag is raised high above.
सप्ताश्वरूपाश्छन्दासि वहन्तो वामतो धुरम्
The metres, in the form of seven horses, bear the yoke on the left side.
पङ्क्तिश्च बृहती चैव ह्युष्णिक्चैव तु सप्तमी
Paṅkti, Bṛhatī, and Uṣṇik are indeed the seventh (metre).
सहचक्रो भ्रमत्यक्षः सहक्षो भ्रमते ध्रुवः
With a companion wheel, the revolving axle turns; with a companion axle, Dhruva revolves.
एवमर्थवशात्तस्य सन्निवेशो रथस्य तु
Thus, by the force of purpose, is the arrangement of his chariot.
तेनासौ तरणिर्देवो भास्वता सर्पते दिवि
By this, the radiant god Taraṇi moves swiftly in the sky.
ध्रुवे तौ भ्राम्यते रश्मी च चक्रयुगयोस्तु वै
At Dhruva, those two rays revolve, as do the pair of wheels.
युगाक्षकोटी ते तस्य दक्षिणे स्यन्दनस्य हि
The ends of the axle of the chariot are indeed on its southern side.
भ्रमन्तमनुगच्छेतां ध्रुवं रश्मी तु तावुभौ
Both those rays follow Dhruva as it revolves.
कीलासक्ता यथा रज्जुर्भ्रंमते सर्वतो दिशम्
Just as a rope attached to a stake turns in every direction,
वर्द्धते दक्षिणे चैव भ्रमतो मण्डलानि तु
So, as it revolves to the south, circles are formed.
ध्रुवेण प्रगृहीतौ वै तौ रश्मी नयतो रविम्
Held by Dhruva, those two rays lead the Sun.
तदा सो ऽभ्यन्तरे सूर्यो भ्रमते मण्डलानि तु
Then, within them, the Sun moves, forming circles.
ध्रुवेण मुच्यमानाभ्यां रश्मिभ्यां पुनरेव तु
When released by Dhruva, by those two rays again,
उद्वेषाटयन्स वेगेन मण्डलानि तु गच्छति
He moves rapidly, traversing the circles with force.
गन्धर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च ग्रामणीसर्पराक्षसैः
By Gandharvas, Apsarases, chiefs, serpents, and Rākṣasas,
धातार्ऽयमा पुलस्त्यश्च पुलहश्च प्रजापतिः
Dhātā, Aryaman, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Prajāpati,
रथकृच्च रथौजाश्च यक्षावेतावुदा त्दृतौ
Rathakṛt and Rathaujā, and Yakṣas—these are declared.
रक्षो हेतिः प्रहेतिश्च यातुधानावुदाहृतौ
Rakṣa, Heti, Praheti, and Yātudhānas are mentioned.
मित्रश्च वरुणश्चैव मुनिरत्रिरुदाहृतः
Mitra and Varuṇa, and the sage Atri are named.
राक्षसौ च समाख्यातौ पौरुषेयो वधस्तथा
Two Rākṣasas are also known, as well as the Pauruṣeya weapon.
रथचित्रस्तथैवान्यो नागसाक्षकसंज्ञेतः
Rathacitra and another, known as Nāgasākṣaka.
ततः सूर्ये पुनस्त्वन्या निवसंतीह देवताः
Then, again, other deities dwell here in the Sun.
एलापत्रस्तथा सर्पः शङ्खपालाश्च तावुभौ
Elāpatra, likewise a serpent, and both Śaṅkhapāla.