तस्मान्मध्यन्दिनात्कालादपराह्ण इति स्मृतः
From that midday time, the period is known as afternoon.
अपराह्णे व्यतीते तु कालः सायाह्न उच्यते
When the afternoon has passed, the time is called evening.
दशपञ्चमुहूर्त्त वै ह्यहर्वैषुवतं स्मृतम्
The tenth and fifth muhūrtas are considered the day at the equinox.
अहस्तु ग्रसते रात्रिं रात्रिश्च ग्रसते त्वहः
The day devours the night, and the night in turn devours the day.
अहोरात्रे कलाश्चैव समं सोमः समश्नुते
The Moon equally partakes of the kalās of day and night.
द्वौच पक्षौभवेन्मासो द्वौमासावर्कजावृतुः
A month consists of two fortnights, and a season is made of two months.
निमेषा विद्युतश्चैव काष्टास्ता दश पञ्च च
A nimeṣa and a vidyut, and also kāṣṭās, are fifteen in number.
सप्तैका द्व्यधिका त्रिशन्मात्रा षटत्रिंशदुत्तरा
There are thirty-seven mātrās, with seven and one, and two more added.
चत्वारि शत्सहस्राणि शतान्यष्टौ च विद्युतः
There are four thousand and eight hundred vidyuts.
चत्वार्येव शतान्याहुर्विद्युते द्वे च संयुते
They say there are just four hundred and two vidyuts combined.
संवत्सरादयः पञ्च चतुर्मानविकल्पिताः
The five divisions beginning with the year are determined according to the four Manus.
संवत्सरस्तु प्रथमो द्वितीयः परिवत्सरः
The first is the saṃvatsara, the second is the parivatsara.
पञ्चमोवत्सरस्तेषां कालस्तु युगसंहितः
Of these, the fifth is called vatsara; this time is reckoned with the yugas.
शतान्यष्टादश त्रिंशदुदयाद्भास्करस्य च
There are one thousand eight hundred and thirty sunrises.
पञ्च च त्रिशतं चापि षष्टिवर्षं च भास्करम्
And also three hundred and sixty-five years of the sun.
एकषष्टि त्वहोरात्रमृतुरेको विभाव्यते
Sixty-one days and nights together are considered as one season.
मानं तच्चित्रभानोस्तु विज्ञेयमयनस्य ह
This is the measure of Citrabhānu, which should be known as the solar year.
मानान्येतानि चत्वारि यैःपुराणे हि निश्चयः
These four measures are those by which certainty is established in the Purāṇas.
त्रीणितस्य तु शृङ्गाणि स्पृशन्तीव नभस्तलम्
Its three peaks seem to touch the vault of the sky.
एकश्च मार्गविष्कंभविस्तारश्चास्य कीर्तितः
One is the path’s breadth, and its expanse is also described.
दक्षिणं राजतं चैव शृङ्गं तु स्फटिकप्रभम्
The southern and the silver peak, and the one shining like crystal.
एवं कूटैस्त्रिभिः शैलः शृङ्गवानिति विश्रुतः
Thus, with three summits, the mountain is renowned as Śṛṅgavān.
शरद्वसंतयोर्मध्ये मध्यमां गतिमास्थितः
Between autumn and spring, it maintains a middle course.
अनुलिप्ता इवाभान्ति पद्मरक्तैर्गभस्तिभिः
They shine as if anointed with rays as red as lotuses.
मुहूर्त्ता दश पञ्चैव अहो रात्रिश्च तावती
Ten and five muhūrtas make up a day and night of that measure.
विशाखानां तदा ज्ञेयश्चतुर्थांश निशाकरः
At that time, the moon should be understood as being in the fourth part of Viśākhā.
तदा चन्द्रं विजानीयात्कृत्तिकाशिरसि स्थितम्
Then, know that the moon is positioned at the head of Kṛttikā.
विषुवं तं विजानीयादेवमाहुर्महर्षयः
That is to be known as the equinox, as declared by the great sages.
समा रात्रिरहश्चैव यदा तद्विषुवं भवेत्
When day and night are equal, that is called the equinox.
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो विशेषेण मुखमेतत्तु दैवतम्
This, in particular, is the divine mouth among the Brāhmaṇas.