प्रणाशं गच्छते यत्र तेषामस्तः स उच्यते
Where it reaches disappearance, that is called its setting.
विदूरभावादर्कस्य भूमिलेखावृतस्य च
Because of the remoteness of darkness and the covering of the earth's line,
ग्रहनक्षत्रसोमानां दर्शनं भास्करस्य च
The sight of planets, stars, the moon, and the sun occurs.
शुक्लच्छायो ऽग्निरा पश्च कृष्णच्छाया च मेदिनी
The fire has a bright shade, and the earth has a dark shade.
रक्तभावो विरश्मत्वाद्रक्तत्वाच्जाप्यनुष्णता
Its red appearance is due to the absence of moisture, its redness, and its lack of warmth.
ऊर्द्ध्व शातसहस्र तु योजनानां स दृश्यते
It is seen at a height of one hundred thousand yojanas above.
अग्निमाविशते राद्रौ तस्माद्दूरात्प्रकाशते
The fire enters the mountain, and from a distance it shines forth.
संयुक्तो वह्निना सूर्यस्तपते तु ततो दिवा
The sun, united with fire, heats the day because of that.
परस्परानुप्रवेशाद्दीप्येते तु दिवानिशम्
By their mutual interpenetration, they blaze both day and night.
उत्तिष्ठति तथा सूर्ये रात्रिराविशतत्वपः
Thus, when the sun rises, night enters the waters.
अस्तं याति पुनः सूर्ये दिनमाविशते त्वषः
Again, when the sun sets, day enters the rays.
एतेन क्रमयोगेन भूम्यर्द्धे दक्षिणोत्तरे
By this sequential process, on the southern and northern halves of the earth,
देनं सूर्यप्रकाशाख्यं तामसी रात्रिरूच्यते
the darkness called night is said to be the absence of the sun's light.
एवं पुष्करमध्येन यदा सर्पति भास्करः
In this way, when the sun moves through the middle of Puṣkara,
योजनाग्रान्मुहूर्त्तस्य इह संख्यां निबोधत
Now, learn the number of yojanas traversed in a muhūrta here.
पञ्चाशत्तु तथान्यानि सहस्राण्यधिकानि च
There are fifty and also additional thousands.
एतेन गतियोगेन यदा काष्ठां तु दक्षिणाम्
By this course of movement, when it reaches the southern point,
मध्येन पुष्करस्याथ भ्रमते दक्षिणायने
Then, through the middle of Puṣkara, it revolves during the southern solstice.
सर्पते दक्षिणायां तु काष्ठायां वै निबोधत
Now, learn of the sun's movement at the southern point.
तथा शतसहस्राणि चत्वारिंशच्च पञ्च च
Likewise, there are one hundred and forty-five thousand.
दक्षिणाद्विनिवृत्तो ऽसौ विषुवस्थो यदा रविः
When the sun, having turned from the south, stands at the equinox,
मण्डलं विषुवत्तस्य योजनैस्तन्निबोधत
Learn now the measure of its orbit at the equinox in yojanas.
तथा शतसहस्राणामशीत्येकाधिका पुनः
Likewise, again, there are eighty-one hundred thousand.
शाकद्वीपस्य षष्ठस्य उत्तरातो दिशश्चरन्
Moving toward the northern direction of the sixth continent, Śākadvīpa,
योजनाग्रात्प्रसंख्याता कोटिरेका तु स द्विजाः
O twice-born, the distance measured from the starting point is one crore yojanas.
अष्टपञ्चाशतं चव योजनान्यधिकानि तु
And fifty-eight yojanas more are added to that.
मूलं चैव तथाषाढे त्वजवीथ्युदयास्त्रयः
The root, as well as the sixth, and three sunrise paths of Ajavīthi, likewise.
काष्ठयोरन्तरं यच्च तद्वक्ष्येयजनैः पुनः
And the space between the two beams, I will again declare to people.
त्रयः शताधिकाश्चन्ये त्रयस्त्रिंशच्च योजनैः
Others are three hundred and thirty-three yojanas in number.
काष्ठयोर्लेखयोश्चैव ह्यन्तरं दक्षिणोत्तरे
And the interval between the beams and the lines, both south and north.