In the ancient teachings of the Bhāgavata Purāṇa, the intricate measures and movements of the cosmos are described with clarity and reverence. The spaces between the celestial lines and beams, both outer and inner, are meticulously remembered, each interval among them being seventy-one less than the previous. These intervals are recognized as the spaces between the lines and beams that shape the structure of the heavens, both from the outside and particularly on the southern side, always in proper sequence. The sacred fire, too, moves precisely along the southern side, mirroring the prescribed measures. Altogether, the total span amounts to seventeen thousand yojanas, with an additional twenty-one yojanas added to this sum. The diameter of the celestial circle is thus prescribed as transverse, reflecting the cosmic order. Just as a potter’s wheel swiftly turns back at its limit, so too does the celestial sphere traverse the extended earth in a short time. The Sun, in its daily journey, moves through thirteen and a half constellations, much like the slow movement at the center of the potter’s wheel, where the clay revolves gradually. Therefore, over a long period, only a small distance is covered on the ground, and even so, the Sun’s progress is sluggish. During the night, the Sun passes through the stars in twelve moments, resembling the lump of clay at the wheel’s center that revolves steadily. Dhruva, the steadfast pole star, is understood in the same way, rotating right there between two wooden posts as the circles revolve. By day and by night, the Sun’s motion alternates between slow and swift, and at night, its movement becomes especially swift. Yet, at times, the Sun’s movement at night is slow, and its motion remains steady or uneven as it traverses its path. Above these celestial bodies, Agastya moves with speed, following the southern path of the serpent and the northern side of Lokāloka. As long as the solar radiance shines behind, it illuminates the path ahead. The mountain rises majestically to ten thousand yojanas in height, marking the boundary of the world. Within this expanse, the stars, moon, sun, planets, and constellations reside. Beyond this boundary, no light exists, for Lokāloka is established as the encircling realm around the Sun. The sages know the cycle of dawn and night, and the period after dawn is called day. By the command of Prajapati, certain wicked beings are placed under a curse. There are said to be thirty million demons known as Mandehas, who desire to devour the Sun as he burns fiercely. At this critical moment, Brahma, the gods, and the foremost Brahmanas empower the Gayatri with the sacred Omkara and the essence of Brahman. Once again, the one of great brilliance and immense strength, along with the radiant Valakhilya sages, shine forth with their rays. A muhūrta consists of thirty kalās, and with thirty such muhūrtas, day and night are completed. The increase and decrease of days occur in due order, governed by the portions of the day. When the Sun has passed three muhūrtas from the first crescent, from that morning time, the period of three muhūrtas is known as saṃgava. Thus, the cosmic order and the rhythm of time are preserved, as taught by the sages and revealed in the sacred scripture.