शुद्धिं नेयं शरीरं तु विष्णुभक्तैर् विशेषतः निषिद्धं वर्जयेद् द्रव्यं यथोक्तं च द्विजोत्तमाः
The body should be purified, especially by devotees of Vishnu; the forbidden substance should be avoided, as previously stated, O best of twice-born.
समाहृत्य ततः श्राद्धं कर्तव्यं निजशक्तितः एवं विधानतः श्राद्धं कृत्वा स्वविभवोचितम् आब्रह्मस्तम्बपर्यन्तं जगत् प्रीणाति मानवः
After this, one should gather oneself and perform the śrāddha according to one's ability; by performing śrāddha in this prescribed manner, suited to one's means, a person pleases the entire world, from Brahmā down to a blade of grass.
पिता जीवति यस्याथ मृतौ द्वौ पितरौ पितुः कथं श्राद्धं हि कर्तव्यम् एतद् विस्तरशो वद
If a person's father is alive, or if both parents are deceased, how should the śrāddha be performed for the father? Please explain this in detail.
यस्मै दद्यात् पिता श्राद्धं तस्मै दद्यात् सुतः स्वयम् एवं न हीयते धर्मो लौकिको वैदिकस् तथा
To whomever the father gives śrāddha, to that person the son should himself give śrāddha; thus, neither worldly nor Vedic dharma is diminished.
मृतः पिता जीवति च यस्य ब्रह्मन् पितामहः स हि श्राद्धं कथं कुर्याद् एतत् त्वं वक्तुम् अर्हसि
If the father is deceased but the grandfather is alive, O Brāhmaṇa, how should he perform the śrāddha? You are worthy to explain this.
पितुः पिण्डं प्रदद्याच् च भोजयेच् च पितामहम् प्रपितामहस्य पिण्डं वै ह्य् अयं शास्त्रेषु निर्णयः
He should offer the piṇḍa to the father and also feed the grandfather; as for the great-grandfather, the piṇḍa should be given—this is the decision in the scriptures.
मृतेषु पिण्डं दातव्यं जीवन्तं चापि भोजयेत् सपिण्डीकरणं नास्ति न च पार्वणम् इष्यते
For the deceased, the piṇḍa should be given, and the living should be fed; there is no sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, nor is the fortnightly śrāddha appropriate.
आचारम् आचरेद् यस् तु पितृमेधाश्रितं नरः आयुषा धनपुत्रैश् च वर्धत्य् आशु न संशयः
Whoever follows the conduct prescribed for the pitṛmedha ritual quickly prospers in life, wealth, and sons—of this there is no doubt.
पितृमेधाध्यायम् इमं श्राद्धकालेषु यः पठेत् तद् अन्नम् अस्य पितरो ऽश्नन्ति च त्रियुगं द्विजाः
Whoever recites this chapter on pitṛmedha at the time of śrāddha, for three ages, O twice-born, his ancestors eat that food.
एवं मयोक्तः पितृमेधकल्पः पापापहः पुण्यविवर्धनश् च श्रोतव्य एष प्रयतैर् नरैश् च श्राद्धेषु चैवाप्य् अनुकीर्तयेत
Thus I have declared the pitṛmedha rite, which removes sin and increases merit; it should be heard by those who are intent, and it should also be recited at śrāddha ceremonies.
एवं सम्यग् गृहस्थेन देवताः पितरस् तथा संपूज्या हव्यकव्याभ्याम् अन्नेनातिथिबान्धवाः
In this way, a householder should properly honor the gods and ancestors with offerings of oblations and food, and also feed guests and relatives with rice.
भूतानि भृत्याः सकलाः पशुपक्षिपिपीलिकाः भिक्षवो याचमानाश् च ये चान्ये पान्थका गृहे
All beings, servants, animals, birds, ants, beggars, and those who ask for alms, as well as other travelers in the house—
सदाचाररता विप्राः साधुना गृहमेधिना पापं भुङ्क्ते समुल्लङ्घ्य नित्यनैमित्तिकीः क्रियाः
Brāhmaṇas devoted to good conduct, and a householder who is virtuous, incur sin if they neglect the regular and occasional rites.
कथितं भवता विप्र नित्यनैमित्तिकं च यत् नित्यं नैमित्तिकं काम्यं त्रिविधं कर्म पौरुषम्
You have described, O Brāhmaṇa, the regular, occasional, and desired actions—the threefold human duties.
सदाचारं मुने श्रोतुम् इच्छामो वदतस् तव यं कुर्वन् सुखम् आप्नोति परत्रेह च मानवः
O sage, we wish to hear from you about good conduct, by practicing which a person attains happiness both here and hereafter.
गृहस्थेन सदा कार्यम् आचारपरिरक्षणम् न ह्य् आचारविहीनस्य भद्रम् अत्र परत्र वा
A householder should always maintain good conduct, for there is no well-being here or hereafter for one who lacks good conduct.
यज्ञदानतपांसीह पुरुषस्य न भूतये भवन्ति यः सदाचारं समुल्लङ्घ्य प्रवर्तते
Here, the acts of sacrifice, charity, and austerity do not bring benefit to a person who, disregarding proper conduct, behaves otherwise.
दुराचारो हि पुरुषो नेहायुर् विन्दते महत् कार्यो धर्मः सदाचार आचारस्यैव लक्षणम्
A person of bad conduct does not attain a long life here; the chief purpose of dharma is proper conduct, and conduct itself is its mark.
तस्य स्वरूपं वक्ष्यामि सदाचारस्य भो द्विजाः आत्मनैकमना भूत्वा तथैव परिपालयेत्
I will now describe the nature of proper conduct, O twice-born; having become single-minded, one should uphold it accordingly.
त्रिवर्गसाधने यत्नः कर्तव्यो गृहमेधिना तत्संसिद्धौ गृहस्थस्य सिद्धिर् अत्र परत्र च
A householder must strive for the attainment of the three aims of life; upon their fulfillment, the householder achieves success both here and hereafter.
पादेनाप्य् अस्य पारत्र्यं कुर्याच् छ्रेयः स्वम् आत्मवान् अर्धेन चात्मभरणं नित्यनैमित्तिकानि च
With one quarter, he should pursue his own highest good, being self-controlled; with half, he should maintain himself and perform daily and occasional duties.
पादेनैव तथाप्य् अस्य मूलभूतं विवर्धयेत् एवम् आचरतो विप्रा अर्थः साफल्यम् ऋच्छति
With the remaining quarter, he should increase his fundamental resources; by acting thus, O Brahmins, one attains fruitful prosperity.
तद्वत् पापनिषेधार्थं धर्मः कार्यो विपश्चिता परत्रार्थस् तथैवान्यः कार्यो ऽत्रैव फलप्रदः
Likewise, for the prevention of sin, the wise should practice dharma; another kind is for the sake of the next world, and another here gives its reward.
प्रत्यवायभयात् कामस् तथान्यश् चाविरोधवान् द्विधा कामो ऽपि रचितस् त्रिवर्गायाविरोधकृत्
Out of fear of negative consequences, desire and another kind that is unobstructed arise; desire is also of two types, fashioned for the three aims and not causing obstruction.
परस्परानुबन्धांश् च सर्वान् एतान् विचिन्तयेत् विपरीतानुबन्धांश् च बुध्यध्वं तान् द्विजोत्तमाः
He should consider all their mutual connections, and also discern those with contrary effects; understand these, O best of the twice-born.
धर्मो धर्मानुबन्धार्थो धर्मो नात्मार्थपीडकः उभाभ्यां च द्विधा कामं तेन तौ च द्विधा पुनः
Dharma is for the sake of dharma's connection, and not for harming oneself; by both, desire is twofold, and thus those two are again twofold.
ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थाव् अनुचिन्तयेत् समुत्थाय तथाचम्य प्रस्नातो नियतः शुचिः
He should awaken at the Brahma hour and reflect on dharma and wealth; rising, he should cleanse himself, and after rinsing his mouth, remain disciplined and pure.
पूर्वां संध्यां सनक्षत्रां पश्चिमां सदिवाकराम् उपासीत यथान्यायं नैनां जह्याद् अनापदि
He should worship the morning twilight with the stars and the evening with the sun, according to proper rule, and should not neglect it except in adversity.
असत्प्रलापम् अनृतं वाक्पारुष्यं च वर्जयेत् असच्छास्त्रम् असद्वादम् असत्सेवां च वै द्विजाः
He should avoid false speech, lies, harsh words, and also, O twice-born, reject false scriptures, false doctrines, and association with the unworthy.
सायंप्रातस् तथा होमं कुर्वीत नियतात्मवान् नोदयास्तमने चैवम् उदीक्षेत विवस्वतः
He should perform the fire offering in the evening and morning, being self-controlled, and thus observe the rising and setting of the sun.