पात्रत्रये प्रेतपात्राद् अर्घं चैव प्रसेचयेत् ये समाना इति जपन् पूर्ववच् छेषम् आचरेत्
From the three vessels, and from the vessel for the departed, the argha should be offered; reciting 'they are the same,' the rest should be performed as before.
स्त्रीणाम् अप्य् एवम् एव स्याद् एकोद्दिष्टम् उदाहृतम् सपिण्डीकरणं तासां पुत्राभावे न विद्यते
For women, too, the ekoddiṣṭa is prescribed in the same way; but the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa for them does not exist in the absence of a son.
प्रतिसंवत्सरं कार्यम् एकोद्दिष्टं नरैः स्त्रियाः मृताहनि च तत् कार्यं पितॄणां विधिचोदितम्
Every year, a special offering should be performed by men for women on the anniversary of their death, as prescribed by the rites for the ancestors.
पुत्राभावे सपिण्डास् तु तदभावे सहोदराः कुर्युर् एतं विधिं सम्यक् पुत्रस्य च सुताः सुताः
In the absence of a son, those sharing the same ancestral oblations should perform this rite; if they are absent, then brothers should do so, and in the absence of a son, the son's sons should perform it.
कुर्यान् मातामहानां तु पुत्रिकातनयस् तथा द्व्यामुष्यायणसंज्ञास् तु मातामहपितामहान्
Likewise, the daughter's son should perform it for the maternal grandfather, and those called 'descendants of both lineages' should do so for the maternal grandfather and great-grandfather.
पूजयेयुर् यथान्यायं श्राद्धैर् नैमित्तिकैर् अपि सर्वाभावे स्त्रियः कुर्युः स्वभर्तॄणाम् अमन्त्रकम्
They should honor the ancestors properly with occasional śrāddha rites; in the absence of all others, women may perform the rites for their own husbands, but without mantras.
तदभावे च नृपतिः कारयेत् त्व् अकुटुम्बिनाम् तज्जातीयैर् नरैः सम्यग् वाहाद्याः सकलाः क्रियाः
If even they are absent, the king should have the rites performed for those without family, properly carried out by men of the same community, including all the necessary rituals beginning with the conveyance of offerings.
सर्वेषाम् एव वर्णानां बान्धवो नृपतिर् यतः एता वः कथिता विप्रा नित्या नैमित्तिकास् तथा
For all castes, the king is considered a relative; thus, O Brāhmaṇas, these regular and occasional rites have been explained to you.
वक्ष्ये श्राद्धाश्रयाम् अन्यां नित्यनैमित्तिकां क्रियाम् दर्शस् तत्र निमित्तं तु विद्याद् इन्दुक्षयान्वितः
Now I will explain another regular and occasional rite connected with śrāddha; in this, the new moon joined with the waning of the moon should be known as the occasion.
नित्यस् तु नियतः कालस् तस्मिन् कुर्याद् यथोदितम् सपिण्डीकरणाद् ऊर्ध्वं पितुर् यः प्रपितामहः
The fixed time is prescribed for this rite, which should be performed as stated, after the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa ceremony, for the father or great-grandfather.
स तु लेपभुजं याति प्रलुप्तः पितृपिण्डतः तेषां हि यश् चतुर्थो ऽन्यः स तु लेपभुजो भवेत्
He then attains the status of one who partakes only of remnants, being deprived of the ancestral oblation; whoever is the fourth in descent from them becomes one who partakes only of remnants.
सो ऽपि संबन्धतो हीनम् उपभोगं प्रपद्यते पिता पितामहश् चैव तथैव प्रपितामहः
He too, being separated by relation, obtains only limited enjoyment; the father, grandfather, and likewise the great-grandfather are the same.
पिण्डसंबन्धिनो ह्य् एते विज्ञेयाः पुरुषास् त्रयः लेपसंबन्धिनश् चान्ये पितामहपितामहात्
These three men are to be understood as connected by the ancestral oblation; others, starting from the great-grandfather’s father, are connected only by remnants.
प्रभृत्युक्तास् त्रयस् तेषां यजमानश् च सप्तमः इत्य् एष मुनिभिः प्रोक्तः संबन्धः साप्तपौरुषः
From the great-grandfather’s father onward, three have been mentioned, and the performer of the rite is the seventh; this is the sevenfold relationship as taught by the sages.
यजमानात् प्रभृत्य् ऊर्ध्वम् अनुलेपभुजस् तथा ततो ऽन्ये पूर्वजाः सर्वे ये चान्ये नरकौकसः
Beyond the performer of the rite, those who partake only of remnants, and all other earlier ancestors, as well as those who dwell in the lower worlds, are included.
ये ऽपि तिर्यक्त्वम् आपन्ना ये च भूतादिसंस्थिताः तान् सर्वान् यजमानो वै श्राद्धं कुर्वन् यथाविधि
Even those who have attained animal birth, or are situated among beings and the like—all of them, when the performer conducts the śrāddha according to rule—
स समाप्यायते विप्रा येन येन वदामि तत् अन्नप्रकिरणं यत् तु मनुष्यैः क्रियते भुवि
They are all satisfied, O Brāhmaṇas, by whatever I have described; and whatever scattering of food is done by men on earth—
तेन तृप्तिम् उपायान्ति ये पिशाचत्वम् आगताः यद् अम्बु स्नानवस्त्रोत्थं भूमौ पतति भो द्विजाः
By that, those who have become spirits attain satisfaction; and whatever water, from bathing or washing clothes, falls to the ground, O twice-born—
तेन ये तरुतां प्राप्तास् तेषां तृप्तिः प्रजायते यास् तु गन्धाम्बुकणिकाः पतन्ति धरणीतले
By that, those who have become trees are satisfied; and the drops of fragrant water that fall upon the earth—
ताभिर् आप्यायनं तेषां देवत्वं ये कुले गताः उद्धृतेष्व् अथ पिण्डेषु याश् चाम्बुकणिका भुवि
By those, those who have attained divinity in the family are nourished; and when the oblation is lifted up, the drops of water that fall to the earth—
ताभिर् आप्यायनं तेषां ये तिर्यक्त्वं कुले गताः ये चादन्ताः कुले बालाः क्रियायोगाद् बहिष्कृताः
With those offerings, nourishment is given to those who have entered animal birth in the family, and to the children in the family who are toothless and excluded from ritual activity.
विपन्नास् त्व् अनधिकाराः संमार्जितजलाशिनः भुक्त्वा चाचामतां यच् च यज् जलं चाङ्घ्रिशौचजम्
Those without eligibility, who eat water used for cleaning, and those who have eaten food that is left over or water used for washing the feet, are considered fallen.
ब्राह्मणानां तथैवान्यत् तेन तृप्तिं प्रयान्ति वै एवं यो यजमानस्य यश् च तेषां द्विजन्मनाम्
Similarly, other offerings for Brahmins bring satisfaction; thus, whatever is offered by the sacrificer, and whatever is given to those twice-born ones, brings fulfillment.
कश्चिज् जलान्नविक्षेपः शुचिर् उच्छिष्ट एव वा तेनान्नेन कुले तत्र ये च योन्यन्तरं गताः
Whether pure or left over, the scattering of water or food, with that food in the family, those who have entered other wombs are nourished there.
प्रयान्त्य् आप्यायनं विप्राः सम्यक् श्राद्धक्रियावताम् अन्यायोपार्जितैर् अर्थैर् यच् छ्राद्धं क्रियते नरैः
Brahmins attain nourishment properly from those who perform śrāddha rites; but when śrāddha is performed by men with wealth gained unjustly, it does not yield the same result.
तृप्यन्ते ते न चाण्डालपुल्कसाद्यासु योनिषु एवम् आप्यायनं विप्रा बहूनाम् एव बान्धवैः
They are satisfied, but not in the wombs of outcastes or those of degraded birth; thus, Brahmins are nourished by many relatives.
श्राद्धं कुर्वद्भिर् अत्राम्बुविक्षेपैः संप्रजायते तस्माच् छ्राद्धं नरो भक्त्या शाकेनापि यथाविधि
When śrāddha is performed with offerings of water, it is accomplished; therefore, a man should perform śrāddha with devotion, even with vegetables, as prescribed.
कुर्वीत कुर्वतः श्राद्धं कुले कश्चिन् न सीदति श्राद्धं देयं तु विप्रेषु संयतेष्व् अग्निहोत्रिषु
When someone performs śrāddha in the family, none in the family will suffer; śrāddha should be given to Brahmins who are self-controlled and perform Agnihotra.
अवदातेषु विद्वत्सु श्रोत्रियेषु विशेषतः त्रिणाचिकेतस् त्रिमधुस् त्रिसुपर्णः षडङ्गवित्
Especially to those who are pure, learned, versed in the Vedas, those who know the three fires, the three honey texts, the three Suparṇa hymns, and the six limbs of the Vedas.
मातापितृपरश् चैव स्वस्रीयः सामवेदवित् ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यम् उपाध्यायं च भोजयेत्
One should feed those devoted to mother and father, maternal relatives, those who know the Sāmaveda, the officiating priest, the family priest, the teacher, and the preceptor.