Agni Purana

कान्तार्थिनी तु या याति सङ्केतं साऽभिसारिका । कुलटा पुंश्चल्यसती नग्निका स्त्री च कोटवी ।। ३६४.

She who goes to meet her beloved is called abhisārikā; a wanton woman, a courtesan, an unchaste woman, a naked woman, and koṭavī are all feminine.

कात्यायन्यर्द्धवृद्धा या सैरिन्ध्री परवेश्मगा । असिक्नी स्यादवृद्धा या मलिनी तु रजस्वला ।। ३६४.

Kātyāyanī is a half-aged woman; sairindhrī is one who enters another’s house; asiknī is a young woman; malinī is a menstruating woman.

वारस्त्री गणिका वेश्या भ्रातृजायास्तु यातरः । ननान्दा तु स्वसा पत्युः सपिण्डास्तु सनाभयः ।। ३६४.

Vārastrī, gaṇikā, veśyā, bhrātṛjāyā are yātaraḥ; nanāndā is the husband’s sister; sapiṇḍā are those of the same lineage; sanābhayaḥ are those of the same womb.

समानोदर्य्यसोदर्य्यसगर्भसहजास्समाः । यगोत्रबन्धवज्ञातिबन्धुस्वस्वजनाः समाः ।। ३६४.

Samānodaryā, sodaryā, sagarbha, sahajā are equals; gotra-bandhu, vajñāti, bandhu, and svajana are all equals.

दम्पती जम्पती भार्य्यापती जायापती च तौ । गर्भाशयो जरायुः स्यादुल्वञ्च कललोऽस्त्रियां ।। ३६४.

Dampatī, jampatī, bhāryāpatī, jāyāpatī are husband and wife; garbhāśaya, jarāyu, ulva, and kalala are all feminine.

गर्भो भ्रुण इमौ तुल्यौ क्लीवं शण्डो नपुंसकम् । स्यादुत्तानश्यो डिम्भो बालो माणवकः स्मृतः ।। ३६४.

Embryo and fetus are alike; a eunuch is called klīva, śaṇḍa, or neuter. An infant lying on its back is ḍimba; a child is called bāla or māṇavaka.

पिचिण्डिलो वृहत्‌कुक्षिरवभ्रटो नतनासिके । विकलाङ्गस्तु पोगण्ड आरोग्यं स्यादनामयम् ।। ३६४.

A child with a swollen belly is piciṇḍila; one with a large abdomen is vṛhatkukṣi; one with a protruding navel is avabhraṭa; one with a flat nose is natanāsika. A child with deformed limbs is vikalāṅga; a boy is pogaṇḍa; health is ārogya, and absence of disease is anāmaya.

स्यादेडे वधिरः कुब्जे गडुलः कुकरे कुनिः । क्षयः शोषश्च यक्ष्मा च प्रतिश्यायस्तु पीनसः ।। ३६४.

A person with a crooked limb is eḍa; one who is deaf is vadhira; a hunchback is kubja; one who stammers is gaḍula; one with a harsh voice is kukara; one with a crooked hand is kuni. Wasting is kṣaya; emaciation is śoṣa; consumption is yakṣmā; chronic cold is pratiśyāya; nasal congestion is pīnasa.

स्त्री क्षुत्‌क्षुतं क्षयं पुंसि कासस्तु क्षवथुः पुमान् । शोथस्तु श्वयथुः शोफः पादस्फोटो विपादिका ।। ३६४.१೦ ।। किलासं सिध्नकच्छान्तु पाम पामा विचर्च्चिका । कोठो मण्डलकं कुष्ठं श्वित्रो दुर्न्नामकार्शसी ।। ३६४.

In women, sneezing is kṣutkṣuta; wasting is kṣaya; in men, cough is kāsa and sneezing is kṣavathu. Swelling is śotha, dropsy is śvayathu, inflammation is śopha, cracked feet are pādasphoṭa, and fissures of the feet are vipādikā. Leprosy is kilāsa and sidhnakacchā; skin diseases are pāma, pāmā, and vicarccikā; urticaria is koṭha; ringworm is maṇḍalaka; leprosy is kuṣṭha; vitiligo is śvitra; and hemorrhoids of bad name are durnāmaka-arśasī.

अनाहस्तु विबन्धः स्याद्‌ग्रहणी रुक्‌प्रवाहिका । वीजवीर्य्येन्द्रियं शुक्रं पललं क्रव्यमामिषं ।। ३६४.

Flatulence is anāha; constipation is vibandha; grahaṇī is a digestive disorder; pain is ruk; diarrhea is pravāhikā. Semen is vīja, vīrya, or indriya; śukra is also semen; palala is flesh; kravyam is raw meat; āmiṣa is meat.

वुक्काऽग्रमांसं हृदयं हृन्मेदस्तु वपा वसा । पश्चाद्ग्रीवा शिरा मन्या नाडी तु धमनिः शिरा ।। ३६४.

The tip of the tongue is vukkā; the front flesh is agrāmāṃsa; the heart is hṛdaya; the fat around the heart is hṛnmeda; the omentum is vapā; fat is vasā. The back of the neck is paścādgrīvā; veins are śirā; arteries are manyā; a vessel is nāḍī; an artery is dhamani; a vein is śirā.

तिलकं क्लोम मस्तिष्कं दूषिका नेत्रयोर्मलम् । अन्त्रं पुरी तद्‌गुल्मस्तु प्लीहा पुंस्यऽथ वस्नसा ।। ३६४.

A spot is tilaka; the pancreas is kloma; the brain is mastiṣka; discharge from the eyes is dūṣikā; impurity in the eyes is malam. The intestine is antra; the rectum is purī; a tumor is gulma; the spleen is plīhā; the testicle is puṃsya; and the vas deferens is vasnasā.

स्नायुः स्रियां कालखण्डयकृती तु ऽसमे इमे । स्यात् कर्पूरः कपालोऽस्त्री कीकसङ्कुल्यमस्थि च ।। ३६४.

A tendon is snāyu; in women it is called sriyā; a segment of time is kālakhaṇḍa; the maker of marrow is yakṛt. Camphor is karpūra; the skull is kapāla; in women, the skull is astrī; the cartilage is kīka; a joint mass is saṅkuli; and bone is asthi.

स्याच्छरीरास्थिन कङ्कालः पृष्ठास्थिन तु कशेरुका । शिरोऽल्थनि करोटिः स्त्री पार्श्वास्थनि तु पर्शुका ।। ३६४.

The skeleton is kaṅkāla of the body; the vertebra is kaśerukā of the back bone; the skull is karoṭi of the head; in women, the side bone is parśukā.

अङ्गं प्रतीकोऽवयवः शरीरं वर्ष्म विग्रहः । कटो ना श्रोणिफलकं कटिः श्रोणिः ककुद्मती ।। ३६४.

A limb is aṅga; a part is pratīka; a member is avayava; the body is śarīra, varṣman, or vigraha. The hip bone is kaṭa; the pelvic plate is śroṇiphalaka; the waist is kaṭi; the hip is śroṇi; and the one with a hump is kakudmatī.

पश्चान्नितम्वः स्त्रीकट्याः क्लीवे तु जघनं पुरः । कूपकौ तु नितम्बस्थौ द्वयहीने ककुन्दरे ।। ३६४.

The buttocks behind are nitamba in women; in a eunuch, the buttocks are called jaghana in front. The two depressions at the sides of the hips are kūpaka; when both are absent, it is kakundara.

स्त्रियां स्पिचौ कटिप्रोथावुपस्थो वक्ष्यमाणयोः । भगं योनिर्द्वयोः शिश्नो मेढ्रो मेहनशेफसी ।। ३६४.

In women, the two projections of the hip are spica and kaṭiprotha; the perineum is upastha, which will be described. The vulva is bhaga or yoni; in men, the penis is śiśna, meḍhra, or mehanaśephasa.

पिचिण्डकुक्षी जठरोदरं तुन्दं कुचौ स्तनौ । चूचुकन्तु कुचाग्रं स्यान्न ना क्रोडं भुजान्तरम् ।। ३६४.२೦ ।। स्कन्धो भुजशिरोंऽशोऽस्त्री सन्धी तस्यैव जत्रुणी । पुनर्भवः कररुहो नखोऽस्त्री नखरोऽस्त्रियां ।। ३६४.

A child with a swollen belly is piciṇḍakukṣī; a distended abdomen is jaṭharodara; the belly is tunda; the breasts are kuca or stana; the nipple is kucāgra. The armpit is not called kroḍa but bhujāntara. The shoulder is skandha; the upper arm is bhujaśira; in women, the joint is sandhi; the collarbone is jatruṇī. The cuticle is punarbhava; the nail is kararuha; in women, the nail is nakhara.

प्रादेशतालगोकर्णास्तर्जन्यादियुते तते । अङ्गुष्ठे सकनिष्ठो स्याद्वितस्तिर्द्वादशाङ्गुलः ।। ३६४.

The palm, sole, and ear are prādeśa, tāla, and gokarṇa. The index finger and others are called tatas. The thumb with the little finger is sakaniṣṭha. A span is vitasti, measuring twelve aṅgulas.

पाणौ चपेटप्रतलप्रहस्ता विस्तृताङ्गुलौ । बद्धमुष्टिकरो रत्निररत्निः स कनिष्ठवान् ।। ३६४.

The palm is pāṇi; the flat of the hand is capeṭa or pratalaprahasta; the hand with spread fingers is vistṛtāṅgula. A fist is baddhamuṣṭi; the hand is kara. A finger's breadth is ratni; a cubit is aratni; with the little finger it is sakaniṣṭhavān.

कम्बुग्रीवा त्रिरेखा साऽवटुर्घाटा कृकाटिका । अधः स्याच्चिवुकञ्चौष्ठादथ गण्डौ गलो हनुः ।। ३६४.

A neck with three folds is kambugrīvā; the hollow at the throat is avaṭu or ghāṭa; the side of the neck is kṛkāṭikā. Below are the chin and lower lip; then the cheeks, the throat, and the jaw.

अपाङ्गौ नेत्रयोरन्तौ कटाक्षोऽपाङ्गदर्शने । चिकुरः कुन्तलो बालः प्रतिकर्म प्रसाधनम् ।। ३६४.

The outer corners of the eyes are apāṅga; the inner corners are antāḥ. A sidelong glance is kaṭākṣa or apāṅgadarśana. The hair is cikura or kuntala; a young boy is bāla; adornment is pratikarma or prasādhanam.

आकल्पवेशौ नेपथ्यं प्रत्यक्षं खेलयोगजम् । चूड़ामणिः शिरोरत्नं तरलो हारमध्यगः ।। ३६४.

Ornamentation and dress are ākalpa and veśa; stage costume is nepathya; what is visible is pratyakṣa; what is for play is khelayoga. The crest-jewel is cūḍāmaṇi; the head ornament is śiroratna; a loose necklace is tarala; a central necklace is hāramadhyaga.

कर्णिका तालपत्रं स्याल्लम्बनं स्याल्ललन्तिका । मञ्जीरो नूपुरं पादे किङ्गिणी क्षुद्रघण्टिका ।। ३६४.

The central part is the petal; the palm-leaf is the leaf; the pendant is the hanging ornament; the forehead ornament is the frontal band. The anklet is worn on the foot, and the small bell is the tiny metallic bell.

दैर्घ्यमायाम आरोहः परिणाहो विशालता । पटच्चरं जीर्णवस्त्रं संव्यानञ्चोत्तरीयकम् ।। ३६४.

Length, breadth, height, circumference, and spaciousness; the cloth fringe, worn-out garment, upper covering, and shoulder cloth.

रचना स्यात् परिस्पन्द आभोगः परिपूर्णता । समुद्‌गकः सम्पुटकः प्रतिग्राहः पतद्ग्रहः ।। ३६४.

Arrangement is the structure; movement is the vibration; encircling is the enfolding; fullness is the completeness. The casket, the box, the receiving vessel, and the catching vessel.

अग्निरुवाच वंशोऽन्ववायो गोत्रं स्यात् कुलान्यभिजनान्वयौ । मन्त्रव्याख्याकृदाचार्य्य आदेष्ट त्वध्वरे व्रती ।। ३६५.

Agni said: Lineage is the family line; gotra is the ancestral clan; families and noble lineages are the lines of descent. The one who explains the mantra is the teacher, and the one who instructs in the ritual is the preceptor; the vow-holder is the initiate.

यष्टा च यजमानः स्यात् ज्ञात्वारम्भ उपक्रमः । सतीर्थ्याश्चैकगुरवः सभ्याः सामाजिकास्तथा ।। ३६५.

The sacrificer is the yajamāna; knowing the beginning is the commencement. Those who studied together under one teacher are co-disciples; the assembly members and the participants likewise.

सभासदः सभास्तारा ऋत्विजो याजकाश्च ते । अद्वर्थूद्‌गातृहोतारो यजुःसामर्ग्विदः क्रमात् ।। ३६५.

The members of the assembly, the stars of the assembly, the officiating priests, and the sacrificers; the Udgātṛ, Hotṛ, and those who know the Yajur and Sāma Vedas, in order.