मित्रैः सह विरोधं च प्राप्नुते तेजसाऽऽवृतः। आप्नोति द्वेष्यतां चैव लोकात्स्वजनतस्तथा
Overpowered by his own energy, he comes into conflict with friends and becomes hated by people and even by his own kin.
सोऽवमानादर्थहानिमुपालम्भमनादरम्। संतापद्वेषमोहांश्च शत्रूंश्च लभते नरः
Such a man, due to disrespect, suffers loss of wealth, reproach, disregard, distress, hatred, delusion, and gains enemies.
क्रोधाद्दण्डान्मनुष्येषु विविधान्पुरुषोऽनयात्। भ्रश्यते शीघ्रमैश्वर्यात्प्राणेभ्यः स्वजनादपि
Because of anger, a man inflicts various punishments on people unjustly, and quickly loses his prosperity, life, and even his own people.
योपकर्तॄश्च हर्तॄश्च तेजसैवोपगच्छति। तस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्पाद्वेश्मगतादिव
He encounters both benefactors and thieves because of his energy; therefore, people shrink from him as from a snake in the house.
यस्मादुद्विजतेलोकः कथं तस्य भवो भवेत्। अन्तरं तस्य दृष्ट्वैव लोको विकुरुते ध्रुवम्
Since people shrink from him, how can he have prosperity? Seeing him, people certainly turn away.
तस्मान्नात्युत्सृजेत्तेजो न च नित्यं मृदुर्भवेत्। कालेकाले तु संप्राप्ते मृदुस्तीक्ष्णोपि वा भवेत्
Therefore, one should not abandon energy excessively, nor always be gentle; at the proper time, one should be gentle or sharp as needed.
काले मृदुर्यो भवति काले भवति दारुणः। स वै सुखमवाप्नोति लोकेऽमुष्मिन्निहैव च
At one time, he should be gentle; at another, harsh. Such a person attains happiness in this world and the next.
क्षमाकालांस्तु वक्ष्यामि शृणु मे विस्तरेण तान्। ये ते नित्यमसंत्याज्या यथा प्राहुर्मनीषिणः
I will now tell you the proper times for patience; listen to me in detail, as the wise have declared those that must always be observed.
पूर्वोपकारी यस्ते स्यादपराधे गरीयसि। उपकारेण तत्तस्य क्षन्तव्यमपराधिनः
If someone has previously done you a favor but commits a serious offense, his offense should be forgiven because of his earlier good deed.
अबुद्धिमाश्रितानां तु क्षन्तव्यमपराधिनाम्। न हि सर्वत्र पाण्डित्वं सुलभं पुरुषेण वै
The offenses of those who act out of ignorance should be forgiven, for wisdom is not easily found everywhere among men.
अथ चेद्बुद्धिजं कृत्वा ब्रूयुस्ते तदबुद्धिजम्। पापान्स्वल्पेऽपि तान्हन्यादपराधे तथाऽनृजून्
But if, after acting knowingly, they claim it was done in ignorance, even a small offense should be punished as a serious wrong.
सर्वस्यैकोपराधस्ते क्षन्तव्यः प्राणिनो भवेत्। द्वितीये सति वध्यस्तु स्वल्पेऽप्यपकृते भवेत्
Every living being should be forgiven for a first offense; but if a second occurs, even a minor fault deserves punishment.
अजानता भवेत्कश्चिदपराधः कृतो यदि। क्षन्तव्यमेव तस्याहुः सुपरीक्ष्य परीक्षया
If someone has committed an offense unknowingly, it is said that, after careful examination, forgiveness should indeed be granted.
मृदुना दारुणं हन्ति मृदुना हन्त्यदारुणम्। नासाध्यं मृदुना किंचित्तस्मात्तीव्रतरं मृदु
Gentleness overcomes harshness, and gentleness also overcomes what is not harsh; there is nothing unattainable by gentleness, therefore gentleness is more powerful than severity.
देशकालौ तु संप्रेक्ष्य बलाबलमथात्मनः। अन्वीक्ष्यकारणं चैव कार्यं तेजः क्षमापि वा
Considering place and time, and one’s own strength and weakness, and having examined the reason, one should act with either vigor or forbearance.
नादेशकाले किंचित्स्याद्देशकालौ प्रतीक्षताम्। तथा लोकभयाच्चैव क्षन्तव्यमपराधितम्
Nothing should be done at an improper place or time; one should wait for the right place and time, and, out of fear of public opinion, offenses should be forgiven.
एत एवंविधाः कालाः क्षमायाः परिकीर्तिताः। अतोऽन्यथाऽनुवर्तत्सु तेजसः काल उच्यते
These are the occasions for forbearance that have been described; when these do not apply, the time for vigor is said to have arrived.
तदहं तेजसः कालं तव मन्ये नराधिप। धार्तराष्ट्रेषु लुब्धेषु सततं चापकारिषु
Therefore, O king, I consider that now is the time for vigor against the greedy and ever-harming sons of Dhritarashtra.
न हि कश्चित्क्षमाकालो विद्यतेऽद्य कुरून्प्रति। तेजसश्चागते काले तेज उत्स्रष्टुमर्हसि
Indeed, there is no time for forbearance now regarding the Kurus; since the time for vigor has come, you should unleash your energy.
मृदुर्भवत्यवज्ञातस्तीक्ष्णादुद्विजते जनः। काले प्राप्ते द्वयं चैतद्यो वेद स महीपतिः
A gentle person is despised, while people shrink from one who is harsh; the king who knows when to be gentle and when to be harsh at the right time is truly wise.
द्रौपद्या वचनं श्रुत्वा श्लक्ष्णाक्षरपदं शुभम्। उवाच द्रौपदीं राजा स्मयमानो युधिष्ठिरः
Hearing Draupadi’s words, gentle, well-spoken, and auspicious, King Yudhishthira, smiling, spoke to Draupadi.
कारणे भवती क्रुद्धा धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्मतेः। येन क्रोधं महाप्रज्ञे बहुधा बहुमन्यसे। क्रोधमूलं हरं शत्रुं कारणैः शृणु तं मम
You are angry for a reason, O wise lady, because of the evil-minded son of Dhritarashtra; you consider anger in many ways and for many reasons—listen to me as I explain the root of anger, which is the enemy, and its causes.
क्रोधो हन्ता मनुष्याणां क्रोधो भावयिता पुनः। इति विद्धि महाप्रात्रे क्रोधमूलौ भवाभवौ
Anger destroys people, and anger also brings them into being again; know, O noble lady, that existence and non-existence both have anger as their root.
यो हि संहरते क्रोधं भावस्तस्य सुशोभने। `यो न संहरते क्रोधं तस्याभावो भवत्युत। अभावकारणं तस्मात्क्रोधो भवति शोभने
He who restrains his anger, O beautiful one, has existence; but he who does not restrain his anger, truly, has non-existence; therefore, anger is the cause of non-existence, O lovely one.
यः पुनः पुरुषः क्रोधं नित्यं विसृजते शुभे। तस्याभावाय भवति क्रोधः परमदारुणः
But the man who always gives way to anger, O good lady, for him, anger leads to utter ruin.
क्रोधमूलो विनाशो हि प्रजानामिह दृश्यते। तत्कथं मादृशः क्रोधमुत्सृजेल्लोकनाशनम्
Destruction rooted in anger is seen among people here; so how could someone like me give way to anger, which destroys the world?
क्रुद्धः पापं नरः कुर्यात्क्रुद्धो हन्याद्गुरूनपि। क्रुद्धः परुषया वाचा श्रेयसोऽप्यवमन्यते
An angry man may commit sin, may even kill his elders in anger; in anger, with harsh words, he disregards even what is best.
वाच्यावाच्ये हि कुपितो न प्रजानाति कर्हिचित्। नाकार्यमस्ति क्रुद्धस्य नावाच्यं विद्यते तथा
A person enraged never knows what should or should not be said; for the angry, there is nothing that should not be done, nor anything that should not be spoken.
हिंस्यात्क्रोधादवध्यांस्तु वध्यान्संपूजयीत च। आत्मानमपि च क्रुद्धः प्रेषयेद्यमसादनम्
Out of anger, one may harm even those who should not be harmed, and honor those who deserve punishment; in anger, a man may even send himself to the abode of Yama.
एतान्दोषान्प्रपश्यद्भिर्जितः क्रोधो मनीषिभिः। इच्छद्भिः परमं श्रेय इह चामुत्र चोत्तमम्
Seeing these faults, the wise conquer anger, desiring the highest good both here and hereafter.